{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:06:39Z","timestamp":1762542399227,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E2014502085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2014502085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A Vuilleumier (VM) cycle heat pump is a closed gas cycle driven by heat energy. It has the highest performance among all known heat driven technologies. In this paper, two thermodynamic analyses, including energy and exergy analysis, are carried out to evaluate the application of a VM cycle heat pump for waste heat utilization. For a prototype VM cycle heat pump, equations for theoretical and actual cycles are established. Under the given conditions, the exergy efficiency for the theoretical cycle is 0.23 compared to 0.15 for the actual cycle. This is due to losses taking place in the actual cycle. Reheat losses and flow friction losses account for almost 83% of the total losses. Investigation of the effect of heat source temperature, cycle pressure and speed on the exergy efficiency indicate that the low temperature waste heat is a suitable heat source for a VM cycle heat pump. The selected cycle pressure should be higher than 100 MPa, and 200\u2013300 rpm is the optimum speed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e17031452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T11:31:36Z","timestamp":1426851096000},"page":"1452-1465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thermodynamic Analysis of a Waste Heat Driven Vuilleumier Cycle Heat Pump"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yingbai","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 07100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuejie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 07100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2014.11.031","article-title":"Crises and the Policy Process: A Review of Theory and Application","volume":"8","author":"Grossman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Policy."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.02.116","article-title":"Combining Environment and Health Information Systems for the Assessment of Atmospheric Pollution on Human Health","volume":"488\u2013489","author":"Skouloudis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. 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Progress in Exergy, Energy, and the Environment, Springer International Publishing."}],"container-title":["Entropy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/17\/3\/1452\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:43:46Z","timestamp":1760215426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/17\/3\/1452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["e17031452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e17031452","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-4300"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-4300"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]}}}