{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:20:02Z","timestamp":1760242802967,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper is concerned with consensus problem of a class of second-order multi-agent systems subjecting to external disturbance generated from some unknown exosystems. In comparison with the case where the disturbance is generated from some known exosystems, we need to combine adaptive control and internal model design to deal with the external disturbance generated from the unknown exosystems. With the help of the internal model, an adaptive protocol is proposed for the consensus problem of the multi-agent systems. Finally, one numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e18120423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T08:18:15Z","timestamp":1480061895000},"page":"423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Consensus of Second Order Multi-Agent Systems with Exogenous Disturbance Generated by Unknown Exosystems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0827-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qidan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4219","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2010.2043038","article-title":"Distributed collaborative control for industrial automation with wireless sensor and actuator networks","volume":"57","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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