{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:31:31Z","timestamp":1770834691500,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fixed sample entropy (fSampEn) is a robust technique that allows the evaluation of inspiratory effort in diaphragm electromyography (EMGdi) signals, and has potential utility in sleep studies. To appropriately estimate respiratory effort, fSampEn requires the adjustment of several parameters. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the influence of the embedding dimension m, the tolerance value r, the size of the moving window, and the sampling frequency, and to establish recommendations for estimating the respiratory activity when using the fSampEn on surface EMGdi recorded for different inspiratory efforts. Values of m equal to 1 and r ranging from 0.1 to 0.64, and m equal to 2 and r ranging from 0.13 to 0.45, were found to be suitable for evaluating respiratory activity. fSampEn was less affected by window size than classical amplitude parameters. Finally, variations in sampling frequency could influence fSampEn results. In conclusion, the findings suggest the potential utility of fSampEn for estimating muscle respiratory effort in further sleep studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e19090460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T11:05:24Z","timestamp":1504263924000},"page":"460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Influence of Parameter Selection in Fixed Sample Entropy of Surface Diaphragm Electromyography for Estimating Respiratory Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4126-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Estrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Interpretation, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Automatic Control (ESAII), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)\u2014Barcelona Tech, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Interpretation, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Automatic Control (ESAII), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)\u2014Barcelona Tech, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0495-8422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Sarlabous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Interpretation, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Automatic Control (ESAII), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)\u2014Barcelona Tech, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raimon","family":"Jan\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Interpretation, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Automatic Control (ESAII), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC)\u2014Barcelona Tech, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society (2002). 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