{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T05:09:30Z","timestamp":1771564170591,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]],"date-time":"2018-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The functional properties of multi-component materials are often determined by a rearrangement of their different phases and by chemical reactions of their components. In this contribution, a material model is presented which enables computational simulations and structural optimization of solid multi-component systems. Typical Systems of this kind are anodes in batteries, reactive polymer blends and propellants. The physical processes which are assumed to contribute to the microstructural evolution are: (i) particle exchange and mechanical deformation; (ii) spinodal decomposition and phase coarsening; (iii) chemical reactions between the components; and (iv) energetic forces associated with the elastic field of the solid. To illustrate the capability of the deduced coupled field model, three-dimensional Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline (NURBS) based finite element simulations of such multi-component structures are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e20020140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]],"date-time":"2018-02-22T07:05:41Z","timestamp":1519283141000},"page":"140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Chemo-Mechanical Model of Diffusion in Reactive Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2213-8401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerstin","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Solid Mechanics, Faculty IV, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, 57076 Siegen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9620-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Solid Mechanics, Faculty IV, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, 57076 Siegen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7849-0666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Anders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, TH K\u00f6ln\/ University of Applied Science, Claudiusstrasse 1, 58076 K\u00f6ln, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tikhomirov, V.M. 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