{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:38:14Z","timestamp":1774273094070,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]],"date-time":"2018-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The neural network approach is proposed for studying very-low- and low-frequency (VLF and LF) subionospheric radio wave variations in the time vicinities of magnetic storms and earthquakes, with the purpose of recognizing anomalies of different types. We also examined the days with quiet geomagnetic conditions in the absence of seismic activity, in order to distinguish between the disturbed signals and the quiet ones. To this end, we trained the neural network (NN) on the examples of the representative database. The database included both the VLF\/LF data that was measured during four-year monitoring at the station in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and the parameters of seismicity in the Kuril-Kamchatka and Japan regions. It was shown that the neural network can distinguish between the disturbed and undisturbed signals. Furthermore, the prognostic behavior of the VLF\/LF variations indicative of magnetic and seismic activity has a different appearance in the time vicinity of the earthquakes and magnetic storms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e20090691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]],"date-time":"2018-09-11T11:40:02Z","timestamp":1536666002000},"page":"691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Behavior of VLF\/LF Variations Associated with Geomagnetic Activity, Earthquakes, and the Quiet Condition Using a Neural Network Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Popova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Bolshaya Gruzinskay, 10-1, Moscow 123242, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandr","family":"Rozhnoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Bolshaya Gruzinskay, 10-1, Moscow 123242, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Solovieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Bolshaya Gruzinskay, 10-1, Moscow 123242, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danila","family":"Chebrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kamchatska Branch of Geophysical Survey of RAS, Boulevard Piypa, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Wireless Communications Research Center, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17489","DOI":"10.1029\/98JA00999","article-title":"Subionospheric VLF signal perturbation possibly related to earthquakes","volume":"103","author":"Molchanov","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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