{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:43:13Z","timestamp":1773290593889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we discuss the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the presence of a multi-component scalar field (   \u03d5   ) in a spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. We describe the first-order formalism by defining the Hubble parameter as     H = \u2212 W (  \u03d5 i  )    . By using three super-potential models of the Hubble parameter, we analyze the validity of the generalized law and thermal equilibrium conditions in the presence of the logarithmically-corrected, Bekenstein-Hawking, Sharma-Mittal and     R  e \u00b4  n y i     entropies. It is noticed that the generalized law and thermal equilibrium conditions hold for some cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e21090851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T03:16:12Z","timestamp":1567394172000},"page":"851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Thermodynamic Implications of Multiquintessence Scenario"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5249-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Jawad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Zoya","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Shamaila","family":"Rani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Kazuharu","family":"Bamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Support System, Faculty of Symbiotic, Systems Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.astro.46.060407.145243","article-title":"Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe","volume":"46","author":"Frieman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.80.1582","article-title":"Cosmological Imprint of an Energy Component with General Equation of State","volume":"80","author":"Caldwell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liddle, A.R., and Lyth, D.H. (2000). Cosmological Inflation and Large-Scale Structure, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139175180"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-2693(83)90837-7","article-title":"Chaotic inflation","volume":"129","author":"Linde","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/215.4.575","article-title":"Gravitational instability of scalar fields and formation of primordial black holes","volume":"215","author":"Khlopov","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.48.1585","article-title":"New types of inflationary universe","volume":"48","author":"Barrow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L20","DOI":"10.1086\/185100","article-title":"Cosmology with a time-variable cosmological constant","volume":"325","author":"Peebles","year":"1988","journal-title":"Astrophys. Lett. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214003","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/30\/21\/214003","article-title":"Quintessence: A Review","volume":"30","author":"Tsuwikawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Class. Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"023509","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.59.023509","article-title":"Classification of scalar field potentials with cosmological scaling solutions","volume":"59","author":"Liddle","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103517","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.62.103517","article-title":"New cosmological model of quintessence and dark matter","volume":"62","author":"Sahni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063506","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.63.063506","article-title":"Further analysis of a cosmological model with quintessence and scalar dark matter","volume":"63","author":"Matos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012076","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/761\/1\/012076","article-title":"Scalar fields in Cosmology: Dark matter and inflation","volume":"761","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Conf. Ser. J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"084018","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.93.084018","article-title":"Simple inflationary quintessential model","volume":"93","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.75.559","article-title":"The cosmological constant and dark energy","volume":"75","author":"Peebles","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Mod."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.124.925","article-title":"Mach\u2019s Principle and a Relativistic Theory of Gravitation","volume":"124","author":"Brans","year":"1961","journal-title":"Phys. Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.29.137","article-title":"Intermediate-Range Gravity: A Generally Covariant Model","volume":"29","author":"Hanlon","year":"1972","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"384","article-title":"Second-Order Scalar-Tensor Field Equations in a Four-Dimensional Space","volume":"10","author":"Hordenski","year":"1974","journal-title":"Phys. Int. Theory J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214006","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/30\/21\/214006","article-title":"A formal introduction to Horndeski and Galileon theories and their generalizations","volume":"30","author":"Deffayet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Class. Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2010.04.001","article-title":"Quintom Cosmology: Theoretical implications and observations","volume":"493","author":"Cai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218271809014625","article-title":"Quintom Cosmology with General Potentials","volume":"18","author":"Setare","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Mod. Int. J. D"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2007.03.060","article-title":"Quintom cosmologies with arbitrary potentials","volume":"649","author":"Lazkoz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-018-6225-y","article-title":"The past and future dynamics of quintom dark energy models","volume":"78","author":"Leon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-6505(02)00115-9","article-title":"Modeling Quintessential Inflation","volume":"18","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Astropart. Phys."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063005","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.59.063005","article-title":"Resolving the cosmological missing energy problem","volume":"59","author":"Huey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2011.04.001","article-title":"Unified cosmic history in modified gravity: From F(R) theory to Lorentz non-invariant models","volume":"505","author":"Nojiri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2011.09.003","article-title":"Extended Theories of Gravity","volume":"509","author":"Capozziello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2017.06.001","article-title":"Modified Gravity Theories on a Nutshell: Inflation, Bounce and Late-time Evolution","volume":"692","author":"Nojiri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Capozziello, S., and Faraoni, V. (2010). Beyond Einstein Gravity: A Survey of Gravitational Theories for Cosmology and Astrophysics, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-0165-6_7"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3390\/sym7010220","article-title":"Inflationary cosmology in modified gravity theories","volume":"7","author":"Bamba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106901","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/79\/10\/106901","article-title":"f(T) teleparallel gravity and cosmology","volume":"79","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rep. Prog. Phys."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10509-012-1181-8","article-title":"Dark energy cosmology: The equivalent description via different theoretical models and cosmography tests","volume":"342","author":"Bamba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Astrophys. Space Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy, N., and Bamba, K. (2018). The arbitrariness of potentials in interacting quintessence models. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.99.123520"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2019.134878","article-title":"Quantum Fine-Tuning in Stringy Quintessence Models","volume":"797","author":"Hertzberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"023513","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.62.023513","article-title":"Cosmological models from quintessence","volume":"62","author":"Diaz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.82.896","article-title":"Quintessence, Cosmic Coincidence, and the Cosmological Constant","volume":"82","author":"Zlatev","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1140\/epjp\/i2014-14162-7","article-title":"Quintessence scalar field: A dynamical systems study","volume":"129","author":"Roy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. Plus"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850212","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219887818502122","article-title":"Autonomous dynamical system description of de Sitter evolution in scalar assisted f(R)\u2013\u03d5 gravity","volume":"15","author":"Kleidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.23.347","article-title":"Inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems","volume":"23","author":"Guth","year":"1981","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-2693(82)91219-9","article-title":"A new inflationary universe scenario: A possible solution of the horizon, flatness, homogeneity, isotropy and primordial monopole problems","volume":"108","author":"Linde","year":"1982","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, W., Shahalam, M., Pal, B., Pan, S., and Wang, A. (2018). Cosmological constraints on quintessence scalar field models against the astronomical observations. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.100.023522"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-015-3608-1","article-title":"Dynamics of interacting quintessence","volume":"75","author":"Shahalam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-018-6480-y","article-title":"Modified cosmology through nonextensive horizon thermodynamics","volume":"78","author":"Lymperis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-012-1875-7","article-title":"Generalized second law of thermodynamics for FRW cosmology with power-law entropy correction","volume":"72","author":"Debnath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10509-012-1312-2","article-title":"Generalized second law of thermodynamics in f(T) gravity with entropy corrections","volume":"344","author":"Bamba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Astrophys. Space Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakraborty, S., and Guha, S. (2019). Thermodynamics of FRW Universe With Chaplygin Gas Models. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10714-019-2645-8"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1140\/epjp\/i2019-12695-9","article-title":"D-dimensional cosmology via thermodynamics","volume":"134","author":"Salti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. Plus"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"083516","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.89.083516","article-title":"Two scalar field cosmology from coupled one-field models","volume":"89","author":"Moraes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2005.12.031","article-title":"First-order formalism and dark energy","volume":"633","author":"Bazeia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-018-6361-4","article-title":"Cosmological scenarios from multiquintessence","volume":"78","author":"Correa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/0375-9601(95)00756-S","article-title":"Solitons in systems of coupled scalar fields","volume":"208","author":"Bazeia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. A"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241601","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.91.241601","article-title":"New Global Defect Structures","volume":"91","author":"Bazeia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vachaspati, T. (2006). Kinks and Domain Walls: An Introduction to Classical and Quantum Solitons, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511535192"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Rajaraman, R. (1987). Solitons and Instantons: An Introduction to Solitons and Instantons in Quantum Field Theory, Elsevier. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8157","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/30\/23\/015","article-title":"Soliton stability in systems of two real scalar fields","volume":"30","author":"Bazeia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. J. A"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2590","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.57.2590","article-title":"Degenerate domain wall solutions in supersymmetric theories","volume":"57","author":"Shifman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105019","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.61.105019","article-title":"Bags, junctions, and networks of BPS and non-BPS defects","volume":"61","author":"Bazeia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.57.1266","article-title":"On domain shapes and processes in supersymmetric theories","volume":"57","author":"Voloshin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"2358","article-title":"Degeneracy and Continuous Deformations of Supersymmetric Domain Walls","volume":"57","author":"Shifman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2614(00)00309-2","article-title":"Exact Topological Twistons in Crystalline Polyethylene","volume":"320","author":"Ventura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2012.05.064","article-title":"Entropic Measure for Localized Energy Configurations: Kinks, Bounces, and Bubbles","volume":"713","author":"Gleiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2014.09.002","article-title":"Information-entropic measure of energy-degenerate kinks in two-field models","volume":"737","author":"Correa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2014.07.063","article-title":"Orbit based procedure for doublets of scalar fields and the emergence of triple kinks and other defects","volume":"736","author":"Brito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02345020","article-title":"Particle Creation by Black Holes","volume":"43","author":"Hawking","year":"1975","journal-title":"Commun. Math. Phys."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.75.1260","article-title":"Thermodynamics of Spacetime: The Einstein Equation of State","volume":"75","author":"Jacobson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5387","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/19\/21\/306","article-title":"Classical and Quantum Thermodynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric spacetimes","volume":"19","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Class. Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.7.2333","article-title":"Black Holes and Entropy","volume":"7","author":"Bekenstein","year":"1973","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-010-1372-9","article-title":"Thermodynamics of apparent horizon and modified Friedman equations","volume":"69","author":"Sheykhi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563871","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2563871","article-title":"Thermodynamics in f(G,T) Gravity","volume":"2018","author":"Sharif","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. High Energy Phys."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01645742","article-title":"Relativistic Variation of Black Hole Temperature with Respect to Velocity in XRBs and AGN","volume":"31","author":"Bardeen","year":"1973","journal-title":"Community Math. Phys."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"050","DOI":"10.1088\/1126-6708\/2005\/02\/050","article-title":"First Law of Thermodynamics and Friedmann Equations of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe","volume":"0502","author":"Cai","year":"2005","journal-title":"JHEP"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02757029","article-title":"Black holes and the second law","volume":"4","author":"Bekenstein","year":"1972","journal-title":"Lett. Nuovo Cim."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3292","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.9.3292","article-title":"Generalized second law of thermodynamics in black-hole physics","volume":"9","author":"Bekenstein","year":"1974","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. D"},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"28","article-title":"New non-additive measures of entropy for discrete probability distributions","volume":"10","author":"Sharma","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Math. Sci."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physletb.2018.02.052","article-title":"Generalized entropy formalism and a new holographic dark energy model","volume":"780","author":"Jahromi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. B"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1140\/epjc\/s10052-018-6309-8","article-title":"Thermodynamic approach to holographic dark energy and the R\u00e9nyi entropy","volume":"78","author":"Moradpur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. C"}],"container-title":["Entropy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/21\/9\/851\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:15:38Z","timestamp":1760188538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/21\/9\/851"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["e21090851"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e21090851","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-4300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-4300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]}}}