{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T23:12:51Z","timestamp":1763766771636,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["LSU-JCJS-2017-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSU-JCJS-2017-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soil contamination remains a global problem. Among the different kinds of remediation technologies, in situ soil thermal remediation has attracted great attention in the environmental field, representing a potential remedial alternative for contaminated soils. Soils need to be heated to a high temperature in thermal remediation, which requires a large amount of energy. For the natural gas heating system in thermal remediation, a fuzzy coordination control strategy and thermohydraulic dynamics model have been proposed in this paper. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the strategy, the other three traditional control strategies are introduced. Analysis of the temperature rise and energy consumption of soils under different control strategies were conducted. The results showed that the energy consumption of fuzzy coordination control strategy is reduced by 33.9% compared to that of the traditional control strategy I, constant natural gas flow and excess air ratio. Further, compared to the traditional control strategy II, constant excess air ratio and desired outlet temperature of wells, the strategy proposed can reduce energy consumption by 48.7%. The results illustrate the superiority of the fuzzy coordination control strategy, and the strategy can greatly reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing the cost of in situ soil thermal remediation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e21100971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]],"date-time":"2019-10-07T03:34:01Z","timestamp":1570419241000},"page":"971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Fuzzy Coordination Control Strategy and Thermohydraulic Dynamics Modeling of a Natural Gas Heating System for In Situ Soil Thermal Remediation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Zhuang-Zhuang","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"Li-Man","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2186-0176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Ze","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"},{"name":"Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"},{"name":"Advanced Research Center of Thermal and New Energy Technologies, Xingtai Polytechnic College, Xingtai 054035, China"}]},{"given":"Hai-Feng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENTER International Group Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENTER International Group Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China"}]},{"given":"Tian-Tian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"En-Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengyi Academy of PKUHS, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2019.06.011","article-title":"Metal(loid)s immobilization in soils of Lebanon using municipal solid waste compost: Microbial and biochemical impact","volume":"143","author":"Jaoude","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. 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