{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:07:16Z","timestamp":1768568836688,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61803061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61803061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61703347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61703347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN201800603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN201800603"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["cstc2016jcyjA0428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2016jcyjA0428"]}]},{"name":"Common Key Technology Innovation Special of Key Industries of Chongqing science and Technology Commission","award":["cstc2017zdcy-zdyfX0067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2017zdcy-zdyfX0067"]}]},{"name":"Common Key Technology Innovation Special of Key Industries of Chongqing science and Technology Commission","award":["cstc2017zdcy-zdyfX0055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2017zdcy-zdyfX0055"]}]},{"name":"Arti\ufb01cial Intelligence Technology Innovation Signi\ufb01cant Theme Special Project of Chongqing science and Technology Commission","award":["cstc2017rgzn-zdyfX0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2017rgzn-zdyfX0014"]}]},{"name":"Arti\ufb01cial Intelligence Technology Innovation Signi\ufb01cant Theme Special Project of Chongqing science and Technology Commission","award":["cstc2017rgzn-zdyfX0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2017rgzn-zdyfX0035"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In multi-modality image fusion, source image decomposition, such as multi-scale transform (MST), is a necessary step and also widely used. However, when MST is directly used to decompose source images into high- and low-frequency components, the corresponding decomposed components are not precise enough for the following infrared-visible fusion operations. This paper proposes a non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) based decomposition method for image fusion, by which source images are decomposed to obtain corresponding high- and low-frequency sub-bands. Unlike MST, the obtained high-frequency sub-bands have different decomposition layers, and each layer contains different information. In order to obtain a more informative fused high-frequency component, maximum absolute value and pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) fusion rules are applied to different sub-bands of high-frequency components. Activity measures, such as phase congruency (PC), local measure of sharpness change (LSCM), and local signal strength (LSS), are designed to enhance the detailed features of fused low-frequency components. The fused high- and low-frequency components are integrated to form a fused image. The experiment results show that the fused images obtained by the proposed method achieve good performance in clarity, contrast, and image information entropy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e21121135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T02:49:27Z","timestamp":1574390967000},"page":"1135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["A Novel Infrared and Visible Image Information Fusion Method Based on Phase Congruency and Image Entropy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xinghua","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Complex System Safety and Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9562-3865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanqiu","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Information Systems Department, Buffalo State College, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Complex System Safety and Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"},{"name":"College of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Complex System Safety and Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaesung","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Information Science, Mansfield University of Pennsylvania, Mansfield, PA 16933, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSPM.2018.095862","article-title":"Morphology-based visible-infrared image fusion framework for smart city","volume":"13","author":"Qi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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