{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:35:25Z","timestamp":1784550925034,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,4]],"date-time":"2020-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Over the last decades, load forecasting is used by power companies to balance energy demand and supply. Among the several load forecasting methods, medium-term load forecasting is necessary for grid\u2019s maintenance planning, settings of electricity prices, and harmonizing energy sharing arrangement. The forecasting of the month ahead electrical loads provides the information required for the interchange of energy among power companies. For accurate load forecasting, this paper proposes a model for medium-term load forecasting that uses hourly electrical load and temperature data to predict month ahead hourly electrical loads. For data preprocessing, modified entropy mutual information-based feature selection is used. It eliminates the redundancy and irrelevancy of features from the data. We employ the conditional restricted Boltzmann machine (CRBM) for the load forecasting. A meta-heuristic optimization algorithm Jaya is used to improve the CRBM\u2019s accuracy rate and convergence. In addition, the consumers\u2019 dynamic consumption behaviors are also investigated using a discrete-time Markov chain and an adaptive k-means is used to group their behaviors into clusters. We evaluated the proposed model using GEFCom2012 US utility dataset. Simulation results confirm that the proposed model achieves better accuracy, fast convergence, and low execution time as compared to other existing models in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e22010068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T03:48:48Z","timestamp":1578282528000},"page":"68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Towards Modified Entropy Mutual Information Feature Selection to Forecast Medium-Term Load Using a Deep Learning Model in Smart Homes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0620-8828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omaji","family":"Samuel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad A.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Umm AlQura University, Mecca 24381, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja Jalees Ul","family":"Hussen Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7337-7608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shafiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Khalil","family":"Afzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Cantonment 47040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3777-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadeem","family":"Javaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2018.01.066","article-title":"Short and medium-term forecasting of cooling and heating load demand in building environment with data-mining based approaches","volume":"166","author":"Ahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2888978","article-title":"Enhanced Deep Networks for Short-Term and Medium-Term Load Forecasting","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2018.07.084","article-title":"Potential of three variant machine-learning models for forecasting district level medium-term and long-term energy demand in smart grid environment","volume":"160","author":"Ahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2017.12.049","article-title":"Forecasting mid-long term electric energy consumption through bagging ARIMA and exponential smoothing methods","volume":"144","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.4236\/sgre.2011.22015","article-title":"Medium-term electric load forecasting using multivariable linear and non-linear regression","volume":"2","author":"Elkarmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Smart Grid Renew. 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