{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T16:24:22Z","timestamp":1768407862504,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1811462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1811462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71532009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71532009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Fund Project","award":["2017BJB006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017BJB006"]}]},{"name":"Program of Shanghai Young Top-notch Talent","award":["2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["222201818006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222201818006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Information diffusion within financial markets plays a crucial role in the process of price formation and the propagation of sentiment and risk. We perform a comparative analysis of information transfer between industry sectors of the Chinese and the USA stock markets, using daily sector indices for the period from 2000 to 2017. The information flow from one sector to another is measured by the transfer entropy of the daily returns of the two sector indices. We find that the most active sector in information exchange (i.e., the largest total information inflow and outflow) is the non-bank financial sector in the Chinese market and the technology sector in the USA market. This is consistent with the role of the non-bank sector in corporate financing in China and the impact of technological innovation in the USA. In each market, the most active sector is also the largest information sink that has the largest information inflow (i.e., inflow minus outflow). In contrast, we identify that the main information source is the bank sector in the Chinese market and the energy sector in the USA market. In the case of China, this is due to the importance of net bank lending as a signal of corporate activity and the role of energy pricing in affecting corporate profitability. There are sectors such as the real estate sector that could be an information sink in one market but an information source in the other, showing the complex behavior of different markets. Overall, these findings show that stock markets are more synchronized, or ordered, during periods of turmoil than during periods of stability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e22020194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T11:50:28Z","timestamp":1581076228000},"page":"194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Information Transfer between Stock Market Sectors: A Comparison between the USA and China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3893-9331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"}]},{"given":"Yaodong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia"},{"name":"College of Business, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3871-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Batten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, Finance and Banking, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 UUM Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8952-8228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Xing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Econophysics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mantegna, R.N., and Stanley, H.E. 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