{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T11:30:20Z","timestamp":1768908620814,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004319","name":"Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["109GB006-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109GB006-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The morphological changes in cortical parcellated regions during aging and whether these atrophies may cause brain structural network intra- and inter-lobe connectivity alterations are subjects that have been minimally explored. In this study, a novel fractal dimension-based structural network was proposed to measure atrophy of 68 parcellated cortical regions. Alterations of structural network parameters, including intra- and inter-lobe connectivity, were detected in a middle-aged group (30\u201345 years old) and an elderly group (50\u201365 years old). The elderly group exhibited significant lateralized atrophy in the left hemisphere, and most of these fractal dimension atrophied regions were included in the regions of the \u201clast-in, first-out\u201d model. Globally, the elderly group had lower modularity values, smaller component size modules, and fewer bilateral association fibers. They had lower intra-lobe connectivity in the frontal and parietal lobes, but higher intra-lobe connectivity in the temporal and occipital lobes. Both groups exhibited similar inter-lobe connecting pattern. The elderly group revealed separations, sparser long association fibers, commissural fibers, and lateral inter-lobe connectivity lost effect, mainly in the right hemisphere. New wiring and reconfiguring modules may have occurred within the brain structural network to compensate for connectivity, decreasing and preventing functional loss in cerebral intra- and inter-lobe connectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e22080826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T07:31:45Z","timestamp":1596007905000},"page":"826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Alteration of the Intra- and Inter-Lobe Connectivity of the Brain Structural Network in Normal Aging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chi-Wen","family":"Jao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiann-Horng","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Te","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Ming","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Feng","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuang-En","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shin Kong Wo Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Health Management Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Yu","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po-Shan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0699-2234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi Ieong","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan"},{"name":"Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London 01322, UK"},{"name":"University Hospital, Taipa 112, Macau"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5337.412","article-title":"Life and death of neurons in the aging brain","volume":"278","author":"Morrison","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1327","article-title":"Age-related total gray matter and white matter changes in normal adult brain, part I: Volumetric MR imaging analysis","volume":"23","author":"Ge","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. 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