{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T10:17:50Z","timestamp":1774606670119,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JST CREST","award":["JPMJCR1784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR1784"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The design of a computer-aided system for identifying the seizure onset zone (SOZ) from interictal and ictal electroencephalograms (EEGs) is desired by epileptologists. This study aims to introduce the statistical features of high-frequency components (HFCs) in interictal intracranial electroencephalograms (iEEGs) to identify the possible seizure onset zone (SOZ) channels. It is known that the activity of HFCs in interictal iEEGs, including ripple and fast ripple bands, is associated with epileptic seizures. This paper proposes to decompose multi-channel interictal iEEG signals into a number of subbands. For every 20 s segment, twelve features are computed from each subband. A mutual information (MI)-based method with grid search was applied to select the most prominent bands and features. A gradient-boosting decision tree-based algorithm called LightGBM was used to score each segment of the channels and these were averaged together to achieve a final score for each channel. The possible SOZ channels were localized based on the higher value channels. The experimental results with eleven epilepsy patients were tested to observe the efficiency of the proposed design compared to the state-of-the-art methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e22121415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T21:11:02Z","timestamp":1608066662000},"page":"1415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Statistical Features in High-Frequency Bands of Interictal iEEG Work Efficiently in Identifying the Seizure Onset Zone in Patients with Focal Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4427-6143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Most.","family":"Akter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4514-8370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md.","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5056-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihisa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"},{"name":"RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan"},{"name":"RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0106, Japan"},{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4263-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Iimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Mitsuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Sugano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2403-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md.","family":"Molla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12550","article-title":"ILAE Official Report: A Practical Clinical Definition of Epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Fisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.77a.09061","article-title":"Pharmacoresistant epilepsy: From Pathogenesis to Current and Emerging Therapies","volume":"77","author":"Pati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clevel. 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