{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:36:17Z","timestamp":1762522577166,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,3]],"date-time":"2021-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RTI2018-094614-B-I00 (Programa Estatal de I+D+i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTI2018-094614-B-I00 (Programa Estatal de I+D+i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","award":["PGC2018-093854-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-093854-B-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The goal of this work is to explore how the relationship between two subordinates reporting to a leader influences the alignment of the latter with the company\u2019s strategic objectives in an Industry 4.0 environment. We do this through the implementation of quantum circuits that represent decision networks. In fact, through the quantum simulation of strategic organizational design configurations (QSOD) through five hundred quantum circuit simulations. We conclude that the alignment probability of the leader is never higher than the average alignment value of his subordinates, i.e., the leader never has a better alignment than his subordinates. In other words, the leader cannot present asymptotic stability better than that of his subordinates. The most relevant conclusion of this work is the clear recommendation to the leaders of Industry 4.0 not to add hierarchical levels to their organization if they have not achieved high levels of stability in the lower levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e23040426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,3]],"date-time":"2021-04-03T22:03:36Z","timestamp":1617487416000},"page":"426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Industry 4.0 Quantum Strategic Organizational Design Configurations. The Case of 3 Qubits: Two Report to One"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2423-1474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Villalba-Diez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fakult\u00e4t Management und Vertrieb, Campus Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Hochschule Heilbronn, 74523 Schw\u00e4bisch Hall, Germany"},{"name":"Complex Systems Group, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4373-603X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Losada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Systems Group, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3949-8232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Systems Group, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8917-2041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Intelligence, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Matthews International GmbH, Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 1-3, 48691 Vreden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Grant, R.M. (2010). Organization Structure and Management Systems: The Fundamentals of Strategy Implementation. Contemporary Strategy Analysis, John Wiley & Sons. 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