{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T13:50:46Z","timestamp":1779112246784,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Over the last twenty years, quantum game theory has given us many ideas of how quantum games could be played. One of the most prominent ideas in the field is a model of quantum playing bimatrix games introduced by J. Eisert, M. Wilkens and M. Lewenstein. The scheme assumes that players\u2019 strategies are unitary operations and the players act on the maximally entangled two-qubit state. The quantum nature of the scheme has been under discussion since the article by Eisert et al. came out. The aim of our paper was to identify some of non-classical features of the quantum scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e23050604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T11:10:06Z","timestamp":1620904206000},"page":"604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Non-Classical Rules in Quantum Games"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0034-9803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Fr\u0105ckiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Exact and Technical Sciences, Pomeranian University in S\u0142upsk, ul. Arciszewskiego 22d, 76-200 S\u0142upsk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.83.3077","article-title":"Quantum games and quantum strategies","volume":"83","author":"Eisert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-9601(02)01144-1","article-title":"Entanglement enhanced multiplayer quantum games","volume":"302","author":"Du","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. A"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physleta.2006.11.044","article-title":"Nash equilibria in quantum games with generalized two-parameter strategies","volume":"363","author":"Flitney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. 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