{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:36:48Z","timestamp":1777477008853,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Educational Research Projects for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Fujian Province, China","award":["B19085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B19085"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China","award":["2018J01537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018J01537"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the development of cloud storage and privacy protection, reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) plays the dual role of privacy protection and secret information transmission. RDHEI has a good application prospect and practical value. The current RDHEI algorithms still have room for improvement in terms of hiding capacity, security and separability. Based on (7, 4) Hamming Code and our proposed prediction\/ detection functions, this paper proposes a Hamming Code and UnitSmooth detection based RDHEI scheme, called HUD-RDHEI scheme for short. To prove our performance, two database sets\u2014BOWS-2 and BOSSBase\u2014have been used in the experiments, and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and pure embedding rate (ER) are served as criteria to evaluate the performance on image quality and hiding capacity. Experimental results confirm that the average pure ER with our proposed scheme is up to 2.556 bpp and 2.530 bpp under BOSSBase and BOWS-2, respectively. At the same time, security and separability is guaranteed. Moreover, there are no incorrect extracted bits during data extraction phase and the visual quality of directly decrypted image is exactly the same as the cover image.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e23070790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T13:02:10Z","timestamp":1624366930000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on (7, 4) Hamming Code and UnitSmooth Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1848-845X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering College, Ji Mei University, Xiamen 361021, China"},{"name":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7319-5780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-Chen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411030, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"118","article-title":"3-layer PC text security via combining compression, AES cryptography 2LSB image steganography","volume":"3","author":"Alanizy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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