{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:36:12Z","timestamp":1781195772980,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]],"date-time":"2021-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Future Scientists Program of China University of Mining and Technology\uff1bPostgraduate Research \\&amp; Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["2020WLKXJ029\uff1bKYCX20_1995"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020WLKXJ029\uff1bKYCX20_1995"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper develops a sliding-mode control with an improved nonlinear extended state observer (SMC-INESO) for the rotation system of a hydraulic roofbolter with dead-zones, uncertain gain, and disturbances, with the purpose of improving tracking performance. Firstly, the rotation system is modeled to compensate for dead-zone nonlinearity. Then, we present an improved nonlinear extended state observer to estimate disturbances of the rotation system in real time. Moreover, a proportional-integral-differential sliding-mode surface is introduced and an improved sliding-mode reaching law is designed. Based on this, a sliding-mode control law is developed. In order to eliminate the influence of estimation error and uncertain gain, we design two adaptation laws based on the sliding-mode surface and the estimated states. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed SMC-INESO is verified through comparative simulation studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e24010041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T01:00:54Z","timestamp":1640566854000},"page":"41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Improved Nonlinear Extended State Observer-Based Sliding-Mode Rotary Control for the Rotation System of a Hydraulic Roofbolter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1818-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4276-5410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4502-376X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianfang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1109\/87.799674","article-title":"Deadzone compensation in motion control systems using adaptive fuzzy logic control","volume":"7","author":"Lewis","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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