{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:40:46Z","timestamp":1772678446580,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41605070,61802424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41605070,61802424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prediction of chaotic time series systems has remained a challenging problem in recent decades. A hybrid method using Hankel Alternative View Of Koopman (HAVOK) analysis and machine learning (HAVOK-ML) is developed to predict chaotic time series. HAVOK-ML simulates the time series by reconstructing a closed linear model so as to achieve the purpose of prediction. It decomposes chaotic dynamics into intermittently forced linear systems by HAVOK analysis and estimates the external intermittently forcing term using machine learning. The prediction performance evaluations confirm that the proposed method has superior forecasting skills compared with existing prediction methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e24030408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T03:06:10Z","timestamp":1647313570000},"page":"408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Hybrid Method Using HAVOK Analysis and Machine Learning for Predicting Chaotic Time Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7437-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhui","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8412-2472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]},{"given":"Junqiang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]},{"given":"Chengwu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]},{"given":"Hongze","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410000, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1963)020<0130:DNF>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Deterministic nonperiodic flow","volume":"20","author":"Lorenz","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. 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