{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T22:21:28Z","timestamp":1774477288968,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 61802118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 61802118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. YQ2020\u2010F013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. YQ2020\u2010F013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"open Foundation of State key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology (BUPT)","award":["No. SKLNST\u20102018\u20101\u201007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. SKLNST\u20102018\u20101\u201007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To guarantee information security in communication, quantum identity authentication plays a key role in politics, economy, finance, daily life and other fields. In this paper, a new quantum multiparty simultaneous identity authentication protocol with Greenberger\u2013Home\u2013Zeilinger (GHZ) state is presented. In this protocol, the authenticator and the certified parties are the participants with quantum ability, whereas the third party is a classical participant. Here, the third-party is honest and the other two parties may be dishonest. With the help of a classical third-party, a quantum authenticator and the multiple certified parties can implement two-way identity authentication at the same time. It reduces the quantum burden of participants and lowers down the trustworthiness, which makes the protocol be feasible in practice. Through further security analysis, the protocol can effectively prevent an illegal dishonest participant from obtaining a legitimate identity. It shows that the protocol is against impersonation attack, intercept-measure-resend attack and entangle-measure attack, etc. In all, the paper provides positive efforts for the subsequent security identity authentication in quantum network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e24040483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T21:22:14Z","timestamp":1648675334000},"page":"483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A New Quantum Multiparty Simultaneous Identity Authentication Protocol with the Classical Third-Party"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9715-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kejia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"},{"name":"State Key of Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012311","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.70.012311","article-title":"Bidirectional quantum key distribution protocol with practical faint laser pulses","volume":"70","author":"Deng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. 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