{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T17:47:43Z","timestamp":1774374463879,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R238), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","award":["PNURSP2022R238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R238"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Digital Signature using Self-Image signing is introduced in this paper. This technique is used to verify the integrity and originality of images transmitted over insecure channels. In order to protect the user\u2019s medical images from changing or modifying, the images must be signed. The proposed approach uses the Discrete Wavelet Transform to subdivide a picture into four bands and the Discrete Cosine Transform DCT is used to embed a mark from each sub-band to another sub-band of DWT according to a determined algorithm. To increase the security, the marked image is then encrypted using Double Random Phase Encryption before transmission over the communication channel. By verifying the presence of the mark, the authority of the sender is verified at the receiver. Authorized users\u2019 scores should, in theory, always be higher than illegal users\u2019 scores. If this is the case, a single threshold might be used to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized users by separating the two sets of scores. The results are compared to those obtained using an approach that does not employ DWT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e24040538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T21:15:35Z","timestamp":1649798135000},"page":"538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Signing and Verifying Encrypted Medical Images Using Double Random Phase Encryption"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0307-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanaa A.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalia H.","family":"ElKamchouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10599","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-3127-y","article-title":"Information hiding in medical images: A robust medical image watermarking system for E-healthcare","volume":"76","author":"Parah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Multimed. 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