{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T05:52:27Z","timestamp":1762062747323,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]],"date-time":"2022-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Secretaria de Investigaci\u00f3n de Posgrado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP20220415","SIP20220421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20220415","SIP20220421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The computed tomography (CT) chest is a tool for diagnostic tests and the early evaluation of lung infections, pulmonary interstitial damage, and complications caused by common pneumonia and COVID-19. Additionally, computer-aided diagnostic systems and methods based on entropy, fractality, and deep learning have been implemented to analyse lung CT images. This article aims to introduce an Entropy-based Measure of Complexity (EMC). In addition, derived from EMC, a Lung Damage Measure (LDM) is introduced to show a medical application. CT scans of 486 healthy subjects, 263 diagnosed with COVID-19, and 329 with pneumonia were analysed using the LDM. The statistical analysis shows a significant difference in LDM between healthy subjects and those suffering from COVID-19 and common pneumonia. The LDM of common pneumonia was the highest, followed by COVID-19 and healthy subjects. Furthermore, LDM increased as much as clinical classification and CO-RADS scores. Thus, LDM is a measure that could be used to determine or confirm the scored severity. On the other hand, the d-summable information model best fits the information obtained by the covering of the CT; thus, it can be the cornerstone for formulating a fractional LDM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e24081119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T01:47:21Z","timestamp":1660528041000},"page":"1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An Entropy-Based Measure of Complexity: An Application in Lung-Damage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9780-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Ortiz-Vilchis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City C.P. 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6782-9847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"Ramirez-Arellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City C.P. 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07156-2","article-title":"Automated quantification of COVID-19 severity and progression using chest CT images","volume":"31","author":"Pu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. 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