{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:40:09Z","timestamp":1789587609757,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NCN","award":["No. 2018\/30\/E\/ST3\/00428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2018\/30\/E\/ST3\/00428"]}]},{"name":"PLGrid Infrastructure","award":["No. 2018\/30\/E\/ST3\/00428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2018\/30\/E\/ST3\/00428"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diffusion of small particles is omnipresent in many processes occurring in nature. As such, it is widely studied and exerted in almost all branches of sciences. It constitutes such a broad and often rather complex subject of exploration that we opt here to narrow our survey to the case of the diffusion coefficient for a Brownian particle that can be modeled in the framework of Langevin dynamics. Our main focus centers on the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient for several fundamental models of diverse physical systems. Starting out with diffusion in equilibrium for which the Einstein theory holds, we consider a number of physical situations outside of free Brownian motion and end by surveying nonequilibrium diffusion for a time-periodically driven Brownian particle dwelling randomly in a periodic potential. For this latter situation the diffusion coefficient exhibits an intriguingly non-monotonic dependence on temperature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25010042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T04:45:54Z","timestamp":1672116354000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Diffusion Coefficient of a Brownian Particle in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium: Einstein Model and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7569-4826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Spiechowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1341-4950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan G.","family":"Marchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorz\u00f3w, Poland"},{"name":"Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine"},{"name":"Education and Research Institute of Computer Physics and Energy, Karazin Kharkiv National University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6679-2563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"H\u00e4nggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany"},{"name":"Max-Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2296-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"\u0141uczka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Vermischte schriften physisch medicinischen inhalts","volume":"2","author":"Ingenhousz","year":"1784","journal-title":"Wappler"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/14786442808674769","article-title":"A brief account of microscopical observations made in the months of June, July-August, 1827, on the particles contained in the pollen of plants; and on the general existence of active molecules in organic and inorganic bodies","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"1828","journal-title":"Philos. 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