{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:44:08Z","timestamp":1772754248052,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61971436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61971436"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61972410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972410"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61803382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61803382"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2018020JQ6020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018020JQ6020"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["61971436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61971436"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["61972410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972410"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["61803382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61803382"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["2018020JQ6020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018020JQ6020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Airborne quantum key distribution (QKD) that can synergize with terrestrial networks and quantum satellite nodes is expected to provide flexible and relay links for the large-scale integrated communication network. However, the photon transmission rate would be randomly reduced, owing to the random distributed boundary layer that surrounding to the surface of the aircraft when the flight speed larger than Mach 0.3. Here, we investigate the airborne QKD performance with the BL effects. Furthermore, we take experimental data of supersonic BL into the model and compare the airborne QKD performance under different conditions. Simulation results show that, owing to the complex small-scale turbulence structures in the supersonic boundary layer, the deflection angle and correspondingly drifted offset of the beam varied obviously and randomly, and the distribution probability of photons are redistributed. And the subsonic and supersonic boundary layer would decrease ~35.8% and ~62.5% of the secure key rate respectively. Our work provides a theoretical guidance towards a possible realization of high-speed airborne QKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25030472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T02:01:47Z","timestamp":1678327307000},"page":"472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Airborne Quantum Key Distribution Performance Analysis under Supersonic Boundary Layer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6354-7036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huicun","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"},{"name":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bangying","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6255-7419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haolin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100864, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1471-8668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8140-2279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"055202","DOI":"10.1088\/1612-202X\/ab77ce","article-title":"Secret keys agreement in communication networks with quantum key distribution and trusted nodes","volume":"17","author":"Arbekov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laser Phys. 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