{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T01:14:54Z","timestamp":1772673294963,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Key R&amp;D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2020C03081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020C03081"]}]},{"name":"The Key R&amp;D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["U2006221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2006221"]}]},{"name":"The Key R&amp;D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["51676173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51676173"]}]},{"name":"The Key R&amp;D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2019R51002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R51002"]}]},{"name":"The Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020C03081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020C03081"]}]},{"name":"The Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U2006221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2006221"]}]},{"name":"The Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["51676173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51676173"]}]},{"name":"The Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019R51002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R51002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020C03081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020C03081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2006221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2006221"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51676173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51676173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R51002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R51002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Top\u2212notch Talent Support Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2020C03081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020C03081"]}]},{"name":"The Top\u2212notch Talent Support Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["U2006221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2006221"]}]},{"name":"The Top\u2212notch Talent Support Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["51676173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51676173"]}]},{"name":"The Top\u2212notch Talent Support Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2019R51002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R51002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The energy loss inside a centrifugal pump has a significant effect on its performance characteristics. Based on the structural characteristics of the humpback pectoral fin, a new tongue was designed to improve the performance of the centrifugal pump. The influence of three sinusoidal tubercle volute tongues (STVT) and one original volute tongue (OVT) on energy dissipation using the enstrophy analysis method was investigated. To accomplish this, the pressure fluctuations and performances of four centrifugal pumps were analyzed. The results indicate that enstrophy is primarily distributed at the impeller outlet and near the tongue. The total enstrophy of the profiles of STVT was smaller than that of the profiles of OVT. This difference was more obvious near the tongue. The reductions in the total enstrophy of the pumps were 8% (STVT\u22121), 8.2% (STVT\u22122), and 9% (STVT\u22123). The pressure fluctuations of the STVT profiles also decreased to different degrees. The average pressure fluctuations at the monitoring points decreased by 20.6% (STVT\u22121), 21.7% (STVT\u22122), and 23.3% (STVT\u22123). The performances of the bionic retrofit pumps increased by 1.5% (STVT\u22121), 2% (STVT\u22122), and 2.45% (STVT\u22123) under the design flow rate. This study guides the structural optimization of pumps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25030545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T07:09:31Z","timestamp":1679468971000},"page":"545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Analysis of the Energy Loss and Performance Characteristics in a Centrifugal Pump Based on Sinusoidal Tubercle Volute Tongue"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8089-2376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peifeng","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci\u2212Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci\u2212Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci\u2212Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5530-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci\u2212Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2019.07.052","article-title":"Transient simulation on closure of wicket gates in a high\u2212head Francis-type reversible turbine operating in pump mode","volume":"145","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101205","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4030488","article-title":"Effect of Trailing-Edge Modification of a Mixed-Flow Pump","volume":"137","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Fluids Eng. Trans. ASME"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2016.10.017","article-title":"Numerical analysis of entropy production on a LNG cryogenic submerged pump","volume":"36","author":"Hou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expthermflusci.2010.08.013","article-title":"Internal hydraulic analysis of impeller rounding in centrifugal pumps as turbines","volume":"35","author":"Punit","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1080\/14484846.2016.1252567","article-title":"Prediction of centrifugal pump performance using energy loss analysis","volume":"15","author":"Omar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. J. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euromechflu.2016.10.013","article-title":"Statistical behaviour of vorticity and enstrophy transport in head-on quenching of turbulent premixed flames","volume":"65","author":"Lai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mech. B Fluids"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2020.08.109","article-title":"Application of enstrophy dissipation to analyze energy loss in a centrifugal pump as turbine","volume":"163","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2019.08.005","article-title":"Large eddy simulation of the tip-leakage cavitating flow with an insight on how cavitation influences vorticity and turbulence","volume":"77","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Model."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2018.12.204","article-title":"Clocking effect of vaned diffuser on hydraulic performance of high-power pump by using the numerical flow loss visualization method","volume":"170","author":"Gu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2019.01.037","article-title":"Wind turbine bionic blade design and performance analysis","volume":"60","author":"Hua","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s42241-019-0050-0","article-title":"A review of transient flow structure and unsteady mechanism of cavitating flow","volume":"31","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hydrodyn."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6909745","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6909745","article-title":"Numerical Analysis of Hydrodynamics for Bionic Oscillating Hydrofoil Based on Panel Method","volume":"2016","author":"Xue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Bionics Biomech."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012041","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/93\/1\/012041","article-title":"Effects of setting angle and chord length on performance of four blades bionic wind turbine","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2016.04.064","article-title":"Numerical optimization and experimental validation for a tidal turbine blade with leading-edge tubercles","volume":"96","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"187","article-title":"Suppression of hump characteristic for a pump-turbine using leading-edge protuberance","volume":"234","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part A J. Power Energy"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, B.W., Li, X.J., Jia, X.Q., Chen, F., and Fang, H. (2019). The role of blade sinusoidal tubercle trailing edge in a centrifugal pump with low specific speed. Processes, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr7090625"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"589","article-title":"Research on the Rotor-Stator Interaction of Centrifugal Pump based on Sinusoidal Tubercle Volute Tongue","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5983(00)00032-0","article-title":"Experimental and theoretical study of the flow in the volute of a low specific-speed pump","volume":"28","author":"Kelder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fluid Dyn. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"091205","article-title":"Influence of impeller sinusoidal tubercle trailing edge on pressure pulsation in a centrifugal pump at nominal flow rate","volume":"143","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105336","article-title":"Numerical analysis of thermo-sensitive cavitating flows with special emphasises on flow separation and enstrophy conversion","volume":"125","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf."}],"container-title":["Entropy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/25\/3\/545\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:00:16Z","timestamp":1760122816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/25\/3\/545"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["e25030545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e25030545","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-4300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-4300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]}}}