{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T18:24:33Z","timestamp":1775672673616,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagenstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["96732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["96732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagenstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["031L0237C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031L0237C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Bundes Ministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","award":["96732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["96732"]}]},{"name":"Bundes Ministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","award":["031L0237C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031L0237C"]}]},{"name":"Khalifa University","award":["96732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["96732"]}]},{"name":"Khalifa University","award":["031L0237C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031L0237C"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cell decision making refers to the process by which cells gather information from their local microenvironment and regulate their internal states to create appropriate responses. Microenvironmental cell sensing plays a key role in this process. Our hypothesis is that cell decision-making regulation is dictated by Bayesian learning. In this article, we explore the implications of this hypothesis for internal state temporal evolution. By using a timescale separation between internal and external variables on the mesoscopic scale, we derive a hierarchical Fokker\u2013Planck equation for cell-microenvironment dynamics. By combining this with the Bayesian learning hypothesis, we find that changes in microenvironmental entropy dominate the cell state probability distribution. Finally, we use these ideas to understand how cell sensing impacts cell decision making. Notably, our formalism allows us to understand cell state dynamics even without exact biochemical information about cell sensing processes by considering a few key parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25040609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T02:03:00Z","timestamp":1680573780000},"page":"609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cell Decision Making through the Lens of Bayesian Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8210-5978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnab","family":"Barua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement de Biochimie, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1C5, Canada"},{"name":"Centre Robert-Cedergren en Bio-Informatique et G\u00e9nomique, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3J7, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1270-7885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haralampos","family":"Hatzikirou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Univesit\u00e4t Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Mathematics Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon, H.A. (1960). The New Science of Management Decision, Harper & Brothers.","DOI":"10.1037\/13978-000"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2014.04.010","article-title":"Environmental sensing, information transfer, and cellular decision-making","volume":"28","author":"Bowsher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Johnson, A., Lewis, J., and Alberts, B. (2015). Molecular Biology of the Cell, W.W. Norton & Company."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2016.07.009","article-title":"Signal Transduction at the Single-Cell Level: Approaches to Study the Dynamic Nature of Signaling Networks","volume":"428","author":"Handly","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mol. 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