{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:39:23Z","timestamp":1787027963320,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico","award":["I1200\/169\/2019 MOD. ORD.\/38\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I1200\/169\/2019 MOD. ORD.\/38\/2019"]}]},{"name":"National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico","award":["CB2017-2018 GENERAL A1-S-9539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB2017-2018 GENERAL A1-S-9539"]}]},{"name":"FONDO SECTORIAL DE INVESTIGACI\u00d3N PARA LA EDUCACI\u00d3N","award":["I1200\/169\/2019 MOD. ORD.\/38\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I1200\/169\/2019 MOD. ORD.\/38\/2019"]}]},{"name":"FONDO SECTORIAL DE INVESTIGACI\u00d3N PARA LA EDUCACI\u00d3N","award":["CB2017-2018 GENERAL A1-S-9539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB2017-2018 GENERAL A1-S-9539"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a numerical analysis of three different flat plate solar collectors was conducted using their entropy generation rates. Specifically, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique was used to compare the detailed performance of conventional and zigzag tube geometries of flat plate solar collectors (FPCs) in terms of their entropy generation rates. The effects of fluid viscosity, heat transfer, and heat loss of the flat plate solar collectors were considered for the local and global entropy generation rate analyses. Variations on the inlet volumetric flow rate of the FPCs from 1.0 to 9.0 L\/min were simulated under the average solar radiation for one year in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. The results illustrate and discuss the temperatures, pressures, and global entropy generation rates for volumetric flow variations. The velocity, temperature, and pressure distributions and the maps of the local entropy generation rates inside the collectors are presented and analyzed for the case with a flow rate of 3.0 L\/min. These results demonstrate that the zigzag geometries achieved higher outlet temperatures and greater entropy generation rates than the conventional geometry for all the volumetric flow rates considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25040621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T05:21:23Z","timestamp":1680758483000},"page":"621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Performance Comparison of Different Flat Plate Solar Collectors by Means of the Entropy Generation Rate Using Computational Fluid Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1921-5864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. J.","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Minguela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9590-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V. H.","family":"Rangel-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3081-282X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. A.","family":"Alfaro-Ayala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Elizalde-Blancas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Ruiz-Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1173-8284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O. A.","family":"L\u00f3pez-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. E.","family":"Alvarado-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123549","article-title":"Recent residential applications of low-temperature solar collector","volume":"279","author":"Ahmadia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. 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