{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T09:21:00Z","timestamp":1771752060047,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11805262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11805262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11805262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11805262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxygen-free high-conductivity copper (OFHC), chromium-zirconium copper (CuCrZr), and Glidcop\u00ae AL-15 are widely used in the high heat load absorber elements at the front end of synchrotron radiation facilities. It is necessary to choose the most suitable material according to the actual engineering conditions (such as the specific heat load, material performance, and costs). In the long-term service period, the absorber elements have to bear hundreds or kilowatts of high heat load and its \u201cload-unload\u201d cyclic loading mode. Therefore, the thermal fatigue and thermal creep properties of the materials are critical and have been extensively studied. In this paper, based on the published pieces of the literature, the thermal fatigue theory, experimental principles, methods, test standards, test types of equipment, and key indicators of the thermal fatigue performance of typical copper metal materials used in the front end of synchrotrons radiation Facilities are reviewed, as well as the relevant studies carried out by the well-known synchrotron radiation institutions. In particular, the fatigue failure criteria for these materials and some effective methods for improving the thermal fatigue resistance performance of the high-heat load components are also presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25050714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T01:44:42Z","timestamp":1682473482000},"page":"714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Mini-Review on the Thermal Fatigue Properties of Copper Materials Applied at the Front-End of Synchrotron Radiation Facilities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yunfei","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0062-6578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanqian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9607-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Limin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1435817","article-title":"Design studies of the APS canted undulator beamline front end","volume":"73","author":"Shu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. 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