{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:07:18Z","timestamp":1760148438899,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council of the Republic of China","award":["MOST 110-2221-E-153-002-MY2","MOST 111-2221-E-155-038","MOST 111-2218-E-218-004-MBK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2221-E-153-002-MY2","MOST 111-2221-E-155-038","MOST 111-2218-E-218-004-MBK"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this era of rapid information exchange in public networks, there is a risk to information security. Data hiding is an important technique for privacy protection. Image interpolation is an important data-hiding technique in image processing. This study proposed a method called neighbor mean interpolation by neighboring pixels (NMINP) that calculates a cover image pixel by neighbor mean interpolation and neighboring pixels. To reduce image distortion, NMINP limits the number of bits when embedding secret data, making NMINP have a higher hiding capacity and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) than other methods. Furthermore, in some cases, the secret data are flipped, and the flipped data are treated in ones\u2019 complement format. A location map is not needed in the proposed method. Experimental results comparing NMINP with other state-of-the-art methods show that NMINP improves the hiding capacity by more than 20% and PSNR by 8%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25050744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:14:08Z","timestamp":1682943248000},"page":"744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamic Information-Hiding Method with High Capacity Based on Image Interpolating and Bit Flipping"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Ta","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"},{"name":"International Bachelor Program in Informatics, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Bachelor Program in Informatics, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0619-1966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Yao","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Sciences and Artificial Intelligence, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14665","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-10528-5","article-title":"A novel approach for data hiding based on combined application of discrete cosine transform and coupled chaotic map","volume":"80","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Multimed. 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