{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T17:17:58Z","timestamp":1763572678459,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China","award":["JCKY2019102C001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCKY2019102C001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Space\u2013Air\u2013Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) expands cyberspace greatly. Dynamic network architecture, complex communication links, limited resources, and diverse environments make SAGIN\u2019s authentication and key distribution much more difficult. Public key cryptography is a better choice for terminals to access SAGIN dynamically, but it is time-consuming. The semiconductor superlattice (SSL) is a strong Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to be the hardware root of security, and the matched SSL pairs can achieve full entropy key distribution through an insecure public channel. Thus, an access authentication and key distribution scheme is proposed. The inherent security of SSL makes the authentication and key distribution spontaneously achieved without a key management burden and solves the assumption that excellent performance is based on pre-shared symmetric keys. The proposed scheme achieves the intended authentication, confidentiality, integrity, and forward security, which can defend against masquerade attacks, replay attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks. The formal security analysis substantiates the security goal. The performance evaluation results confirm that the proposed protocols have an obvious advantage over the elliptic curve or bilinear pairings-based protocols. Compared with the protocols based on the pre-distributed symmetric key, our scheme shows unconditional security and dynamic key management with the same level performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25050760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1683514828000},"page":"760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An SSL-PUF Based Access Authentication and Key Distribution Scheme for the Space\u2013Air\u2013Ground Integrated Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Liwei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"},{"name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Maritime Communication Research Institute, Wuhan 430205, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guozhen","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoushan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Software Defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Networks: Challenges and Solutions","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. 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