{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:53:54Z","timestamp":1760144034251,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro FAPERJ","award":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"]}]},{"name":"INCT-IQ","award":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia Fluidos Complexos (INCT-FCx)","award":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"]}]},{"name":"Research Foundation of the State of S\u00e3o Paulo (FAPESP)","award":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210.296\/2019","201.126\/2021","465469\/2014-0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A mirror subjected to a fast mechanical oscillation emits photons out of the quantum vacuum\u2014a phenomenon known as the dynamical Casimir effect (DCE). The mirror is usually treated as an infinite metallic surface. Here, we show that, in realistic experimental conditions (mirror size and oscillation frequency), this assumption is inadequate and drastically overestimates the DCE radiation. Taking the opposite limit, we use instead the dipolar approximation to obtain a simpler and more realistic treatment of DCE for macroscopic bodies. Our approach is inspired by a microscopic theory of DCE, which is extended to the macroscopic realm by a suitable effective Hamiltonian description of moving anisotropic scatterers. We illustrate the benefits of our approach by considering the DCE from macroscopic bodies of different geometries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e26030251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T12:14:40Z","timestamp":1710245680000},"page":"251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multipole Approach to the Dynamical Casimir Effect with Finite-Size Scatterers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Lucas","family":"Alonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i 24210-346, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme C.","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4949-9717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Impens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5287-172X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo A.","family":"Maia Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6806-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinaldo","family":"de Melo e Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i 24210-346, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/physics2010007","article-title":"Fifty Years of the Dynamical Casimir Effect","volume":"2","author":"Dodonov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2020-0425","article-title":"Recent progress in engineering the Casimir effect\u2014Applications to nanophotonics, nanomechanics, and chemistry","volume":"10","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanophotonics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woods, L.M., Kr\u00fcger, M., and Dodonov, V.V. 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