{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:12:35Z","timestamp":1760145155598,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20213030030190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20213030030190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exergy analysis evaluates the efficiency of system components by quantifying the rate of entropy generation. In general, the exergy destruction rate or irreversibility rate was directly obtained through the exergy balance equation. However, this method cannot determine the origin of the component\u2019s entropy generation rate, which is a very important factor in system design and improvement. In this study, a thorough energy, exergy, and thermoeconomic analysis of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was performed, providing the heat transfer rate, entropy generation rate, and cost loss rate of each component. The irreversibility rate of each component was obtained by the Gouy\u2013Stodola theorem. Detailed and extensive exergy and thermoeconomic analyses of the PEMFC system determined that water cooling units experience the greatest heat transfer among the components in the studied PEMFC system, resulting in the greatest irreversibility and, thus, the greatest monetary flow loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e26070566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T05:08:34Z","timestamp":1719896914000},"page":"566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Energy, Exergetic, and Thermoeconomic Analyses of Hydrogen-Fueled 1-kW Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yungpil","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Climate Change Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Blue Economy Strategy Institute Co., Ltd., #602, 150 Dogok-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06260, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sang-Yup","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Climate Change Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3416-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seok-Ho","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blue Economy Strategy Institute Co., Ltd., #602, 150 Dogok-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06260, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3486-3764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-Doek","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blue Economy Strategy Institute Co., Ltd., #602, 150 Dogok-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06260, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Ho-Young","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blue Economy Strategy Institute Co., Ltd., #602, 150 Dogok-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06260, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2004.01.010","article-title":"Demonstration of a residential CHP system based on PEM fuel cells","volume":"131","author":"Gigliucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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