{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:51:41Z","timestamp":1760986301214,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Quantum Science","award":["ZR2021LLZ002","22CX03005A","24CX03003A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021LLZ002","22CX03005A","24CX03003A"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["ZR2021LLZ002","22CX03005A","24CX03003A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021LLZ002","22CX03005A","24CX03003A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Concurrence is a crucial entanglement measure in quantum theory used to describe the degree of entanglement between two or more qubits. Local unitary (LU) invariants can be employed to describe the relevant properties of quantum states. Compared to quantum state tomography, observing LU invariants can save substantial physical resources and reduce errors associated with tomography. In this paper, we use LU invariants as explanatory variables and employ methods such as multiple regression, tree models, and BP neural network models to fit the concurrence of 2-qubit quantum states. For pure states and Werner states, by analyzing the correlation between data, a functional formula for concurrence in terms of LU invariants is obtained. Additionally, for any two-qubit quantum states, the prediction accuracy for concurrence reaches 98.5%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e26110917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T06:29:57Z","timestamp":1730183397000},"page":"917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Regression of Concurrence via Local Unitary Invariants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0835-9635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuqian","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.81.865","article-title":"Quantum entanglement","volume":"81","author":"Horodecki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. 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