{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:38:03Z","timestamp":1759970283834,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper focuses on differentiating between ideal and non-ideal chemical systems based on their kinetic behavior within a closed isothermal chemical environment. Non-ideality is examined using the non-ideal Marcelin\u2013de Donde model. The analysis primarily addresses \u2018soft\u2019 non-ideality, where the equilibrium composition for a reversible non-ideal chemical system is identical to the corresponding composition for the ideal chemical system. Our approach in distinguishing the ideal and non-ideal systems is based on the properties of the special event, i.e., event, the time of which is well-defined. For the single-step first-order reaction in the ideal system, this event is the half-time-decay point, or the intersection point. For the two consecutive reversible reactions in the ideal system, A \u2194 B \u2194 C, this event is the extremum obtained within the conservatively perturbed equilibrium (CPE) procedure. For the non-ideal correspondent models, the times of chosen events significantly depend on the initial concentrations. The obtained difference in the behavior of the times of these events (intersection point and CPE-extremum point) between the ideal and non-ideal systems is proposed as the kinetic fingerprint for distinguishing these systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e27010077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T09:58:36Z","timestamp":1737021516000},"page":"77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinguishing Ideal and Non-Ideal Chemical Systems Based on Kinetic Behavior"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8970-1943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory","family":"Yablonsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Fedotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Chuvash State University, Moskovsky pr. 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"685","article-title":"Proof of the uniqueness of the solution of mass-action law equations","volume":"11","author":"Zeldovich","year":"1938","journal-title":"Zh. 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