{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T15:26:39Z","timestamp":1778945199579,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Suqian Sci &amp; Tech Program","award":["H202410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H202410"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wind turbine planetary gearboxes have complex structures and operating environments, which makes it difficult to extract fault features effectively. In addition, it is difficult to achieve efficient fault diagnosis. To improve the efficiency of feature extraction and fault diagnosis, a fault diagnosis method based on improved multivariate variational mode decomposition (IMVMD) and ensemble refined composite multivariate multiscale dispersion entropy (ERCmvMDE) with multi-channel vibration data is proposed. Firstly, the IMVMD is proposed to obtain the optimal parameters of the MVMD, which would make the MVMD more effective. Secondly, the ERCmvMDE is proposed to extract rich and effective feature information. Finally, the fault diagnosis of the planetary gearbox is achieved using the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) with features consisting of ERCmvMDE. Simulations and experimental studies indicate that the proposed method performs feature extraction well and obtains higher fault diagnosis accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e27020192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T05:10:22Z","timestamp":1739423422000},"page":"192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Gearbox Based on Improved Multivariate Variational Mode Decomposition and Ensemble Refined Composite Multivariate Multiscale Dispersion Entropy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2259-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2999-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0427-5291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weilin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BLUE.x.y Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Suqian 223800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025036","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ad0f6d","article-title":"Planetary gearbox fault diagnosis based on FDKNN-DGAT with few labeled data","volume":"35","author":"Tao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Meas. 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