{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T12:19:29Z","timestamp":1784204369347,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024AFD068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AFD068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study proposes an innovative image encryption algorithm based on the DNAS_box and hyperchaos. The algorithm dynamically constructs a DNAS_box using 2-bit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) coding and 4-bit DNA-like coding, enabling seamless conversion between these two coding schemes. The implementation process comprises four key phases. First, a hyperchaotic system generates chaotic sequences while dynamically encoding the plaintext image according to DNA coding rules. Next, the 2-bit DNA keys undergo encoding before performing XOR operations with the encoded plaintext image. Subsequently, under chaotic sequence control, the DNAS_box transforms 2-bit DNA symbols into 4-bit DNA-like symbols. Finally, XOR operations are executed between the 4-bit DNA-like symbols and corresponding DNA-like keys, producing a 4-bit DNA-like symbol sequence. This sequence is dynamically decoded under chaotic sequence guidance to generate the ciphertext image. The algorithm\u2019s effectiveness is validated through MATLAB-based numerical simulations, with experimental results confirming its robust security performance. Notably, the algorithm demonstrates a key space of approximately 10145, an NPCR exceeding 99.5%, and ciphertext entropy surpassing 7.997.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e27030239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T04:46:37Z","timestamp":1740545197000},"page":"239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An Innovative Image Encryption Algorithm Based on the DNAS_box and Hyperchaos"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5497-6777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"},{"name":"School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"},{"name":"School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiyu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matcom.2025.01.011","article-title":"Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Butterfly Module and Chaos","volume":"232","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Math. 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