{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T19:57:58Z","timestamp":1778011078271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SJMYF2022Y06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJMYF2022Y06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SJZZXB23006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJZZXB23006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Program for key technologies and products of Hebei Province of China","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Program for key technologies and products of Hebei Province of China","award":["SJMYF2022Y06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJMYF2022Y06"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Program for key technologies and products of Hebei Province of China","award":["SJZZXB23006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJZZXB23006"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project of Shijiazhuang","award":["42075129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42075129"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project of Shijiazhuang","award":["SJMYF2022Y06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJMYF2022Y06"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project of Shijiazhuang","award":["SJZZXB23006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJZZXB23006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Precise odor source localization in turbulent and sparse environments plays a vital role in enabling robotic systems for hazardous chemical monitoring and effective disaster response. To address this, we propose Cooperative Gravitational-R\u00e9nyi Infotaxis (CGRInfotaxis), a distributed decision-optimization framework that combines multi-agent collaboration with hybrid cognitive strategy to improve search efficiency and robustness. The method integrates a gravitational potential field for rapid source convergence and R\u00e9nyi divergence-based probabilistic exploration to handle sparse detections, dynamically balanced via a regulation factor. Particle filtering optimizes posterior probability estimation to autonomously refine search areas while preserving computational efficiency, alongside a distributed interactive-optimization mechanism for real-time decision updates through agent cooperation. The algorithm\u2019s performance is evaluated in scenarios with fixed and randomized odor source locations, as well as with varying numbers of agents. Results demonstrate that CGRInfotaxis achieves a near-100% success rate with high consistency across diverse conditions, outperforming existing methods in stability and adaptability. Increasing the number of agents further enhances search efficiency without compromising reliability. These findings suggest that CGRInfotaxis significantly advances multi-agent odor source localization in turbulent, sparse environments, offering practical utility for real-world applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e27080826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T15:09:53Z","timestamp":1754492993000},"page":"826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Novel Distributed Hybrid Cognitive Strategy for Odor Source Location in Turbulent and Sparse Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4870-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingmiao","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0091-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shurui","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"},{"name":"Innovation and Research Institute, Hebei University of Technology, Shijiazhuang 050299, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengliang","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yafeng","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.22109","article-title":"Gas source localization and mapping with mobile robots: A review","volume":"39","author":"Francis","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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