{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:44:25Z","timestamp":1781534665955,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MDM-2017-0711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MDM-2017-0711"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["MDM-2017-0711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MDM-2017-0711"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/003x0zc53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive situation in which a system initially farther from equilibrium can relax faster than one that starts closer to it. In quantum systems, the effect is enriched by the presence of coherent dynamics, dissipation, and metastable manifolds associated with long-lived Liouvillian modes. Here we demonstrate a giant Mpemba effect in open quantum systems, where relaxation can be either hyper-accelerated or dramatically slowed depending on the initial state. We focus on weakly-coupled particle-conserving bosonic networks, each of which independently relaxes rapidly to a unique stationary state. When a weak coherent interaction is introduced, the composite system typically develops slow metastable modes and a hierarchy of relaxation timescales. We show that by tailoring the interaction Hamiltonian, these slow modes can be effectively suppressed for a broad class of initial states satisfying a minimal global requirement, enabling ultrafast relaxation even when the system starts far from equilibrium. Conversely, other initial states\u2014sometimes arbitrarily close to the stationary state\u2014may remain trapped in the metastable manifold and decay anomalously slowly. This mechanism provides a general route to engineer giant Mpemba effects, offering new possibilities for controlling dissipative dynamics, accelerating state preparation, and manipulating relaxation processes in complex quantum devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e28040427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T13:16:17Z","timestamp":1775826977000},"page":"427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Giant Mpemba Effect via Weak Interactions in Open Quantum Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8739-3542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Longhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Instituto de F\u00edsica Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-021-00349-8","article-title":"A fresh understanding of the Mpemba effect","volume":"3","author":"Bechhoefer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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