{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:54:10Z","timestamp":1781603650875,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB3307100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB3307100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Science and Technology Innovation Team under Grant","award":["2022TD-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022TD-24"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the challenges of linguistic fuzziness, cognitive variability across fault modes, and the risk of model distortion during optimization, this paper proposes an interpretable belief rule-based fault diagnosis method for complex equipment considering linguistic fuzzy information. First, to address the difficulty experts face in providing precise probability values, an interval grey number table is constructed. By converting linguistic fuzzy information into interval grey representations, the approach quantifies the uncertainty inherent in expert judgments while fully preserving the boundary information of the underlying knowledge. Second, recognizing that expert familiarity varies across different fault modes, a certainty degree fusion method is introduced. This method utilizes fusion weights to mitigate the interference of low-confidence evidence during rule generation. Finally, an interpretable parameter optimization method featuring dynamic knowledge anchoring is designed to constrain model parameters within the reasonable bounds defined by expert knowledge. Validation on an electromechanical actuator demonstrates that the proposed method not only achieves superior diagnostic performance but also ensures model usability and interpretability in practical engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e28060674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:06:52Z","timestamp":1781600812000},"page":"674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Interpretable Belief Rule-Based Fault Diagnosis Method for Complex Equipment Considering Linguistic Fuzzy Information"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4290-6986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Combat Support, PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi\u2019an 710025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Combat Support, PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi\u2019an 710025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2178-795X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Missile Engineering, PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi\u2019an 710025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Missile Engineering, PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi\u2019an 710025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kejun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Missile Engineering, PLA Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi\u2019an 710025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2025.111866","article-title":"Fault propagation analysis of complex electromechanical systems based on subsystem importance assessment and critical fault path identification","volume":"267","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Reliab. 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