{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:46:04Z","timestamp":1780587964637,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper deals with innovative fruition modalities of cultural heritage sites. Based on two ongoing experiments, four pillars are considered, that is, User Localization, Multimodal Interaction, User Understanding and Gamification. A survey of the existing literature regarding one or more issues related to the four pillars is proposed. It aims to put in evidence the exploitation of these contributions to cultural heritage. It is discussed how a cultural site can be enriched, extended and transformed into an intelligent multimodal environment in this perspective. This new augmented environment can focus on the visitor, analyze his activity and behavior, and make his experience more satisfying, fulfilling and unique. After an in-depth overview of the existing technologies and methodologies for the fruition of cultural interest sites, the two experiments are described in detail and the authors\u2019 vision of the future is proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi13040092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]],"date-time":"2021-04-05T11:48:29Z","timestamp":1617623309000},"page":"92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Site Experience Enhancement and Perspective in Cultural Heritage Fruition\u2014A Survey on New Technologies and Methodologies Based on a \u201cFour-Pillars\u201d Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnese","family":"Augello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR)\u2014National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0980-7391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignazio","family":"Infantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR)\u2014National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6254-2249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pilato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR)\u2014National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5439-6835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianpaolo","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR)\u2014National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2019.2911558","article-title":"A survey of indoor localization systems and technologies","volume":"21","author":"Zafari","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3145534","article-title":"A survey of augmented, virtual, and mixed reality for cultural heritage","volume":"11","author":"Bekele","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Comput. Cult. Herit. (JOCCH)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1992.tb00812.x","article-title":"Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence","volume":"42","author":"Steuer","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Commun."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.10.385","article-title":"Mobile Augmented Reality: The potential for education","volume":"103","author":"Nincarean","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1321","article-title":"A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays","volume":"77","author":"Milgram","year":"1994","journal-title":"IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Saavedra, L., Mir\u00f3-Amarante, L., and Dom\u00ednguez-Morales, M. (2020). Augmented and virtual reality evolution and future tendency. Appl. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/app10010322"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2017.1417359","article-title":"New realities: A systematic literature review on virtual reality and augmented reality in tourism research","volume":"22","author":"Yung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Tour."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kimura, Y., Manabe, S., Ikeda, S., Kimura, A., and Shibata, F. (2019, January 23\u201327). Can Transparent Virtual Objects Be Represented Realistically on OST-HMDs?. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), Osaka, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2019.8798001"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2019.00091","article-title":"A comparison of immersive realities and interaction methods: Cultural learning in virtual heritage","volume":"6","author":"Bekele","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Robot. AI"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2020.02.017","article-title":"Machine learning for cultural heritage: A survey","volume":"133","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4995\/var.2020.13226","article-title":"Survey of 3D digital heritage repositories and platforms","volume":"11","author":"Champion","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virtual Archaeol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"171","article-title":"Educational games to enhance museum visits for schools","volume":"21","author":"Bossavit","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Educ. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paliokas, I., and Sylaiou, S. (2016, January 7\u20139). The use of serious games in museum visits and exhibitions: A systematic mapping study. Proceedings of the 2016 8th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-GAMES), Barcelona, Spain.","DOI":"10.1109\/VS-GAMES.2016.7590371"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikolakopoulou, V., and Koutsabasis, P. (2020). Methods and Practices for Assessing the User Experience of Interactive Systems for Cultural Heritage. Applying Innovative Technologies in Heritage Science. IGI Glob., 171\u2013208.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-2871-6.ch009"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2543581.2543592","article-title":"From RSSI to CSI: Indoor localization via channel response","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR)"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, J., Wu, K., Yi, Y., Wang, L., and Ni, L.M. (2013, January 8\u201311). Pilot: Passive device-free indoor localization using channel state information. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2013.49"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2007.905750","article-title":"Survey of wireless indoor positioning techniques and systems","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Gil, S., Katabi, D., and Rus, D. (2014, January 7\u201311). Accurate indoor localization with zero start-up cost. Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Maui, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2639108.2639142"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dargie, W., and Poellabauer, C. (2010). Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks: Theory and Practice, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470666388"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Povala\u010d, A., and \u0160ebesta, J. (2010, January 20\u201323). Phase of arrival ranging method for UHF RFID tags using instantaneous frequency measurement. Proceedings of the 2010 Conference Proceedings ICECom, 20th International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics and Communications, Dubrovnik, Croatia."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scherh\u00e4ufl, M., Pichler, M., M\u00fcller, D., Ziroff, A., and Stelzer, A. (2013, January 2\u20137). Phase-of-arrival-based localization of passive UHF RFID tags. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT), Seattle, WA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSYM.2013.6697558"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Vasisht, D., Kumar, S., and Katabi, D. (2016, January 16\u201318). Decimeter-level localization with a single WiFi access point. Proceedings of the 13th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 16), Santa Clara, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Xiong, J., and Jamieson, K. (2013, January 2\u20135). Arraytrack: A fine-grained indoor location system. Proceedings of the 10th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 13), Lombard, IL, USA."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kotaru, M., Joshi, K., Bharadia, D., and Katti, S. (2015, January 17\u201321). Spotfi: Decimeter level localization using wifi. Proceedings of the 2015 ACM Conference on Special Interest Group on Data Communication, London, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/2785956.2787487"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2006.12.020","article-title":"Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state-of-the-art and the 802.15. 4 and ZigBee standards","volume":"30","author":"Baronti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput. Commun."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2005.1458289","article-title":"Localization via ultra-wideband radios: A look at positioning aspects for future sensor networks","volume":"22","author":"Gezici","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oppermann, I., H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen, M., and Iinatti, J. (2005). UWB: Theory and Applications, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/0470869194"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuo, Y.-S., Pannuto, P., Hsiao, K., and Dutta, P. (2014, January 7\u201311). Luxapose: Indoor positioning with mobile phones and visible light. Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Maui, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2639108.2639109"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2013.6685759","article-title":"Visible light positioning: A roadmap for international standardization","volume":"51","author":"Armstrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2014.2377717","article-title":"Swadloon: Direction finding and indoor localization using acoustic signal by shaking smartphones","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2010.05.010","article-title":"The internet of things: A survey","volume":"54","author":"Atzori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chalmers, A. (2017). Experiencing the Multisensory Past. Mixed Reality and Gamification for Cultural Heritage, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8_14"},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Augello, A., Santangelo, A., Sorce, S., Pilato, G., Gentile, A., Genco, A., and Gaglio, S. (2021, February 25). Maga: A Mobile Archaeological Guide at Agrigento. Available online: http:\/\/hcilab.uniud.it\/sigchi\/doc\/Virtuality06\/Augello&al.pdf."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-008-9053-1","article-title":"A stroll with Carletto: Adaptation in drama-based tours with virtual characters","volume":"18","author":"Damiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augello, A., Pilato, G., Trecarichi, G., Vassallo, G., and Vella, F. (2020). A Robotic Humanoid for Information Exploration on Cultural Heritage Domain. Rediscovering Heritage Through Technology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36107-5_3"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Croce, D., Galioto, G., Galioto, N., Garlisi, D., Giarr\u00e9, L., Inderst, F., and Tinnirello, I. (2020). Supporting Autonomous Navigation of Visually Impaired People for Experiencing Cultural Heritage. Rediscovering Heritage through Technology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36107-5_2"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.04.057","article-title":"Enabling Access to Cultural Heritage for the Visually Impaired: An Interactive 3D Model of a Cultural Site","volume":"130","author":"Rossetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samaroudi, M., and Echavarria, K.R. (2019). Learning through experiences: Accessible fabricated dioramas for the visually impaired. International Conference on Immersive Learning, London, UK, 23\u201327 June 2019, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23089-0_7"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Improving accessibility to intangible cultural heritage preservation using virtual reality","volume":"13","author":"Rizvic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Comput. Cult. Herit. (JOCCH)"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antlej, K., Horan, B., Mortimer, M., Leen, R., Allaman, M., Vickers-Rich, P., and Rich, T. (2018, January 26\u201330). Mixed reality for museum experiences: A co-creative tactile-immersive virtual coloring serious game. Proceedings of the 2018 3rd Digital Heritage International Congress (DigitalHERITAGE) held jointly with 2018 24th International Conference on Virtual Systems & Multimedia (VSMM 2018), San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2018.8810060"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harley, D., Verni, A., Willis, M., and Ng, A. (2018, January 18\u201321). Sensory VR: Smelling, touching, and eating virtual reality. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, Stockholm, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173225.3173241"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9993","article-title":"Affective interactions using virtual reality: The link between presence and emotions","volume":"10","author":"Riva","year":"2007","journal-title":"CyberPsychol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32063-4","article-title":"Affective computing in virtual reality: Emotion recognition from brain and heartbeat dynamics using wearable sensors","volume":"8","author":"Greco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jo, D., and Kim, G.J. (2019). AR enabled IoT for a smart and interactive environment: A survey and future directions. Sensors, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/s19194330"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jo, D., and Kim, G.J. (2015, January 13\u201315). Local context based recognition + Internet of Things: Complementary infrastructures for future generic mixed reality space. Proceedings of the 21st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST 2015), Beijing, China.","DOI":"10.1145\/2821592.2821647"},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"White, G., Cabrara, C., Palade, A., and Clarke, S. (2018, January 12\u201315). Augmented reality in IoT. Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Context-Aware and IoT Services, Hangzhou, China."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Phupattanasilp, P., and Tong, S. (2019). Augmented reality in the integrative Internet of Things (IoT): Application for precision farming. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11092658"},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Gimenez, R., and Pous, M. (2010, January 15\u201316). Augmented reality as an enabling factor for the Internet of Things. Proceedings of the W3CWorkshop: Augmented Reality on the Web, Barcelona, Spain."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fortino, G., and Trunfio, P. (2014). Internet of Things Based on Smart Objects: Technology, Middleware and Applications, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-00491-4"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00ednez, A., Carrera, \u00c1., and Iglesias, C.A. (2020). Empowering Museum Experiences Applying Gamification Techniques Based on Linked Data and Smart Objects. Appl. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/app10165419"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kruij, E., Swan, E., and Feiner, S. (2010, January 13\u201316). Perceptual issues in augmented reality revisited. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), Seoul, Korea.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISMAR.2010.5643530"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1162\/105474600566808","article-title":"Optical versus video see-through head-mounted displays in medical visualization","volume":"9","author":"Rolland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Presence"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.-S., and Lin, C.-Y. (2019). Virtual Object Replacement Based on Real Environments: Potential Application in Augmented Reality Systems. Appl. Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/app9091797"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2015.2463671","article-title":"ORB-SLAM: A versatile and accurate monocular SLAM system","volume":"31","author":"Montiel","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Robot."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Engel, J., Sturm, J., and Cremers, D. (2013, January 1\u20138). Semi-Dense Visual odometry for a monocular camera. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, Sydney, NSW, Australia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.183"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, M., Choi, S.H., Park, K.Y., and Lee, J. (2019). User Interactions for Augmented Reality Smart Glasses: A comparative evaluation of visual contexts and interaction gestures. Appl. Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/app9153171"},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"(2017, April 05). Moverio BT-200. Available online: www.epson.com\/MoverioBT200."},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"(2018, March 20). MS HoloLens. Available online: https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/hololens."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"67","article-title":"The role of ICT in tourism industry","volume":"1","author":"Bethapudi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Econ. Bus."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.culher.2015.04.006","article-title":"Framing the past: How virtual experience affects bodily description of artefacts","volume":"17","author":"Matthews","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cult. Herit."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"103","article-title":"A multisensory virtual experience model for thematic tourism: A Port wine tourism application proposal","volume":"6","author":"Martins","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Destin. Mark. Manag."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boboc, R.G., Dugulean\u0103, M., Voinea, G.-D., Postelnicu, C.-C., Popovici, D.-M., and Carrozzino, M. (2019). Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage: Following the footsteps of Ovid among different locations in Europe. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11041167"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ioannides, M., Magnenat-Thalmann, N., and Papagiannakis, G. (2017). Modelling Life Through Time: Cultural Heritage Case Studies. Mixed Reality and Gamification for Cultural Heritage, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"86","article-title":"Ada: The intelligent room","volume":"75","author":"Bullivant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archit. Des."},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Delbr\u00fcck, T., Eng, K., B\u00e4bler, A., Bernardet, U., Blanchard, M., Briska, A., and Verschure, P.F. (2021, February 25). Ada: A Playful Interactive Space. Available online: http:\/\/ada.ini.ethz.ch\/presskit\/papers\/ada-video-interact2003.pdf."},{"key":"ref_66","unstructured":"(2021, February 25). Dune Installation. Available online: https:\/\/archello.com\/project\/interactive-landscape-of-light-dune-40."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"(2021, February 25). Pulse Installation. Available online: https:\/\/www.lozano-hemmer.com\/pulse_room.php."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayashi, M., Bachelder, S., and Nakajima, M. (2016, January 28\u201330). Automatic generation of personal virtual museum. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW), Chongqing, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/CW.2016.44"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barile, F., Calandra, D.M., Caso, A., D\u2019Auria, D., Mauro, D.D., Cutugno, F., and Rossi, S. (2014, January 23\u201327). ICT solutions for the ORC.HE.STRA project: From personalized selection to enhanced fruition of cultural heritage data. Proceedings of the 2014 Tenth International Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, Marrakech, Morocco.","DOI":"10.1109\/SITIS.2014.12"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pilato, G., and Maniscalco, U. (October, January 28). Soft sensors for social sensing in cultural heritage. Proceedings of the 2015 Digital Heritage, Granada, Spain.","DOI":"10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2015.7419618"},{"key":"ref_71","unstructured":"D\u2019Avanzo, E., Pilato, G., and Lytras, M. (2021, February 25). Using Twitter Sentiment and Emotions Analysis of Google Trends for Decisions Making. Available online: https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/PROG-02-2016-0015\/full\/html."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4266","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2019.2908056","article-title":"An edge intelligence empowered recommender system enabling cultural heritage applications","volume":"15","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"E00124","article-title":"An integrated VR\/AR framework for user-centric interactive experience of cultural heritage: The ArkaeVision project","volume":"15","author":"Bozzelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Digit. Appl. Archaeol. Cult. Herit."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-019-09226-7","article-title":"A cognition-centered personalization framework for cultural-heritage content","volume":"29","author":"Raptis","year":"2019","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-019-09225-8","article-title":"Enhancing cultural recommendations through social and linked open data","volume":"29","author":"Sansonetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konstantakis, M., Michalakis, K., Aliprantis, J., Kalatha, E., Moraitou, E., and Caridakis, G. (2018, January 15\u201320). A methodology for optimised cultural user personas experience-CURE architecture. Proceedings of the 32nd International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference, Las Vegas, NV, USA.","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/HCI2018.10"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amato, F., Cozzolino, G., Moscato, V., Picariello, A., and Sperl\u00ed, G. (2017, January 27\u201329). Automatic personalization of visiting path based on users behaviour. Proceedings of the 2017 31st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA), Taipei, Taiwan.","DOI":"10.1109\/WAINA.2017.137"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-011-9104-x","article-title":"Personalization in cultural heritage: The road travelled and the one ahead","volume":"22","author":"Ardissono","year":"2012","journal-title":"User Model. User Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2017.3711638","article-title":"Challenges in user modeling and personalization","volume":"32","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"125","article-title":"Visitor emotion, affect and registers of engagement at museums and heritage sites","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Conserv. Sci. Cult. Herit."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Gaglio, S., Infantino, I., Pilato, G., Rizzo, R., and Vella, F. (2011). Vision and Emotional Flow in a Cognitive Architecture for Human-Machine Interaction, IOS Press."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"53","article-title":"Emotion recognition and detection methods: A comprehensive survey","volume":"2","author":"Saxena","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Artif. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoare, J. (2018, January 26\u201330). Heart on Your Sleeve? Emotion, Wearable Technology and Digital Heritage. Proceedings of the 2018 3rd Digital Heritage International Congress (DigitalHERITAGE) held jointly with 2018 24th International Conference on Virtual Systems & Multimedia (VSMM 2018), San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2018.8810130"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roccetti, M., Marfia, G., Bertuccioli, C., Marcomini, A., Zanichelli, M., and Varni, A. (2013, January 15\u201319). Supporting cultural emotional browsing for museums: The versoverdi APP. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW), San Jose, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMEW.2013.6618429"},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"Khellat-Kihel, S., Pandolfo, L., Pulina, L., and Grosso, E. (2018, January 8\u201312). On Leveraging Facial Emotion Recognition Techniques in Personalized Recommendations. Proceedings of the Applications Of Intelligent Systems APPIS, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2460376.2460379","article-title":"MuseUs: Case study of a pervasive cultural heritage serious game","volume":"6","author":"Coenen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Comput. Cult. Herit. (JOCCH)"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s40692-018-0115-z","article-title":"An adaptive framework for the creation of exergames for intangible cultural heritage (ICH) education","volume":"6","author":"Grammatikopoulou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3350427","article-title":"Situated tangible gamification of heritage for supporting collaborative learning of young museum visitors","volume":"13","author":"Nofal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Comput. Cult. Herit. (JOCCH)"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127700","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3008270","article-title":"Cultural Heritage Design Element Labeling System With Gamification","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bugeja, M., and Grech, E.M. (2020). Using Technology and Gamification as a Means of Enhancing Users\u2019 Experience at Cultural Heritage Sites. Rediscovering Heritage through Technology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36107-5_4"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White, M., Mourkoussis, N., Darcy, J., Petridis, P., Liarokapis, F., Lister, P., Walczak, K., Wojciechowski, R., Cellary, W., and Chmielewski, J. (2004, January 19). Arco-an architecture for digitization, management and presentation of virtual exhibitions. Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International, Crete, Greece.","DOI":"10.1109\/CGI.2004.1309277"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cesaria, F., Cucinelli, A.M., De Prezzo, G., and Spada, I. (2020). Gamification in Cultural Heritage: A Tangible User Interface Game for Learning about Local Heritage. Digital Cultural Heritage, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15200-0_28"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor, S., Colreavy-Donnelly, S., and Dunwell, I. (2020). Fostering Engagement with Cultural Heritage Through Immersive VR and Gamification. Visual Computing for Cultural Heritage, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-37191-3_16"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8890(95)00054-2","article-title":"Getting to know each other\u2014Artificial social intelligence for autonomous robots","volume":"16","author":"Dautenhahn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Robot. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Infantino, I., Augello, A., Maniscalto, U., Pilato, G., and Vella, F. (2018, January 10\u201313). A cognitive architecture for social robots. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI), Palermo, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/RTSI.2018.8548520"}],"container-title":["Future Internet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/13\/4\/92\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:26:18Z","timestamp":1760361978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/13\/4\/92"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["fi13040092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi13040092","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-5903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-5903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]]}}}