{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:10:41Z","timestamp":1773807041049,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":181,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Internet of things model enables a world in which all of our everyday devices can be integrated and communicate with each other and their surroundings to gather and share data and simplify task implementation. Such an Internet of things environment would require seamless authentication, data protection, stability, attack resistance, ease of deployment, and self-maintenance, among other things. Blockchain, a technology that was born with the cryptocurrency Bitcoin, may fulfill Internet of things requirements. However, due to the characteristics of both Internet of things devices and Blockchain technology, integrating Blockchain and the Internet of things can cause several challenges. Despite a large number of papers that have been published in the field of Blockchain and the Internet of things, the problems of this combination remain unclear and scattered. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the challenges related to Blockchain\u2013Internet of things integration by evaluating the related peer-reviewed literature. The paper also discusses some of the recommendations for reducing the effects of these challenges. Moreover, the paper discusses some of the unsolved concerns that must be addressed before the next generation of integrated Blockchain\u2013Internet of things applications can be deployed. Lastly, future trends in the context of Blockchain\u2013Internet of things integration are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi14070216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T22:38:50Z","timestamp":1658443130000},"page":"216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Internet of Things and Blockchain Integration: Security, Privacy, Technical, and Design Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4329-4072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yehia Ibrahim","family":"Alzoubi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems Department, College of Business, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 15453, Kuwait"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8435-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al-Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems Department, College of Business, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 15453, Kuwait"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6521-7081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan","family":"Kahtan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6686-7972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashraf","family":"Jaradat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems Department, College of Business, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 15453, Kuwait"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elbasi, E., Topcu, A.E., and Mathew, S. 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