{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T23:31:32Z","timestamp":1781134292724,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,19]],"date-time":"2023-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The application of robotic systems is widespread in all fields of life and sport. Tennis ball collection robots have recently become popular because of their potential for saving time and energy and increasing the efficiency of training sessions. In this study, an unmanned and autonomous tennis ball collection robot was designed and produced that used LiDAR for 2D mapping of the environment and a single camera for detecting tennis balls. A novel method was used for the path planning and navigation of the robot. A fuzzy controller was designed for controlling the robot during the collection operation. The developed robot was tested, and it successfully detected 91% of the tennis balls and collected 83% of them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15020084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T05:57:52Z","timestamp":1676872672000},"page":"84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Development of a Vision-Based Unmanned Ground Vehicle for Mapping and Tennis Ball Collection: A Fuzzy Logic Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6557-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"Latifinavid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronic Engineering, University of Turkish Aeronautical Association, Ankara 06790, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6772-743X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aydin","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Oxford Brookes University, Wheatley Campus, Oxford OX33 1HX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Neural networks based adaptive approach for path planning and obstacle avoidance for autonomous mobile robot (amr)","volume":"3","author":"Aamer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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