{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T12:43:34Z","timestamp":1771677814430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC3300600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3300600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61873309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61873309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92046024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92046024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92146002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92146002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22510761000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22510761000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021YFC3300600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3300600"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61873309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61873309"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["92046024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92046024"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["92146002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92146002"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["22510761000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22510761000"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project","award":["2021YFC3300600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3300600"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project","award":["61873309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61873309"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project","award":["92046024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92046024"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project","award":["92146002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92146002"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Project","award":["22510761000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22510761000"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the growing demand for data sharing file formats in financial applications driven by open banking, the use of the OFD (open fixed-layout document) format has become widespread. However, ensuring data security, traceability, and accountability poses significant challenges. To address these concerns, we propose E-SAWM, a dynamic watermarking service framework designed for edge cloud scenarios. This framework incorporates dynamic watermark information at the edge, allowing for precise tracking of data leakage throughout the data-sharing process. By utilizing semantic analysis, E-SAWM generates highly realistic pseudostatements that exploit the structural characteristics of documents within OFD files. These pseudostatements are strategically distributed to embed redundant bits into the structural documents, ensuring that the watermark remains resistant to removal or complete destruction. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm has a minimal impact on the original file size, with the watermarked text occupying less than 15%, indicating a high capacity for carrying the watermark. Additionally, compared to existing explicit watermarking schemes for OFD files based on annotation structure, our proposed watermarking scheme is suitable for the technical requirements of complex dynamic watermarking in edge cloud scenario deployment. It effectively overcomes vulnerabilities associated with easy deletion and tampering, providing high concealment and robustness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15090283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T09:10:56Z","timestamp":1692695456000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["E-SAWM: A Semantic Analysis-Based ODF Watermarking Algorithm for Edge Cloud Scenarios"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Zu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"},{"name":"China UnionPay Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201210, China"},{"name":"Institute of Financial Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5706-7503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhihui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"},{"name":"Institute of Financial Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China UnionPay Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201210, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shijing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Premchand, A., and Choudhry, A. 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