{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T17:19:04Z","timestamp":1773163144039,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Smart cities, leveraging advanced data analytics, predictive models, and digital twin techniques, offer a transformative model for sustainable urban development. Predictive analytics is critical to proactive planning, enabling cities to adapt to evolving challenges. Concurrently, digital twin techniques provide a virtual replica of the urban environment, fostering real-time monitoring, simulation, and analysis of urban systems. This study underscores the significance of real-time monitoring, simulation, and analysis of urban systems to support test scenarios that identify bottlenecks and enhance smart city efficiency. This paper delves into the crucial roles of citizen report analytics, prediction, and digital twin technologies at the neighborhood level. The study integrates extract, transform, load (ETL) processes, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, and a digital twin methodology to process and interpret urban data streams derived from citizen interactions with the city\u2019s coordinate-based problem mapping platform. Using an interactive GeoDataFrame within the digital twin methodology, dynamic entities facilitate simulations based on various scenarios, allowing users to visualize, analyze, and predict the response of the urban system at the neighborhood level. This approach reveals antecedent and predictive patterns, trends, and correlations at the physical level of each city area, leading to improvements in urban functionality, resilience, and resident quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi16020047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T11:35:34Z","timestamp":1706614534000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Enhancing Urban Resilience: Smart City Data Analyses, Forecasts, and Digital Twin Techniques at the Neighborhood Level"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2519-9338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas F.","family":"Gkontzis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2247-3082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sotiris","family":"Kotsiantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3597-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Feretzakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece"}]},{"given":"Vassilios S.","family":"Verykios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2023.104862","article-title":"Urban Digital Twin Challenges: A Systematic Review and Perspectives for Sustainable Smart Cities","volume":"99","author":"Weil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"A systematic review of a digital twin city: A new pattern of urban governance toward smart cities","volume":"6","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Manag. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16221","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20178-8","article-title":"Towards a digital twin for supporting multi-agency incident management in a smart city","volume":"12","author":"Wolf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitsilis, P. (2022). Building on Smart Cities Skills and Competences, Springer. Internet of Things.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-97818-1"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350008","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218213023500082","article-title":"Novel Sparse Feature Regression Method for Traffic Forecasting","volume":"32","author":"Salamanis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Intell. Tools"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2020.103064","article-title":"A digital twin smart city for citizen feedback","volume":"110","author":"White","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2023.104203","article-title":"A user-centred virtual city information model for inclusive community design: State-of-art","volume":"134","author":"Najafi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2023.102032","article-title":"Citizen-centric digital twin development with machine learning and interfaces for maintaining urban infrastructure","volume":"84","author":"Abdeen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"103440","article-title":"Digital Twins for cities: Analyzing the gap between concepts and current implementations with a specific focus on data integration","volume":"122","author":"Jeddoub","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2022.104009","article-title":"Study on city digital twin technologies for sustainable smart city design: A review and bibliometric analysis of geographic information system and building information modeling integration","volume":"84","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1017\/dce.2022.1","article-title":"Development of a digital twin operational platform using Python Flask","volume":"3","author":"Bonney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Data-Centric Eng."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2022.104050","article-title":"Machine learning for spatial analyses in urban areas: A scoping review","volume":"85","author":"Casali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"100044","article-title":"Comparative analysis of machine learning techniques for predicting water main failures in the City of Kitchener","volume":"2","author":"Omar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Infrastruct. Intell. Resil."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ariyachandra, M.F., and Wedawatta, G. (2023). Digital Twin Smart Cities for Disaster Risk Management: A Review of Evolving Concepts. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su151511910"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2018.11.001","article-title":"Social Media data: Challenges, opportunities and limitations in urban studies","volume":"74","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Environ. Urban Syst."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2023.104562","article-title":"Harnessing multiple data sources and emerging technologies for comprehensive urban green space evaluation","volume":"143","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2022.103939","article-title":"Zooming into mobility to understand cities: A review of mobility-driven urban studies","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-07-2021-0577","article-title":"Smart cities and quality of life: A quantitative analysis of citizens\u2019 support for smart city development","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s11115-020-00492-3","article-title":"Digital Public Services in Smart Cities\u2014An Empirical Analysis of Lead User Preferences","volume":"21","author":"Wirtz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Organ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s11115-021-00562-0","article-title":"Smart city services: An empirical analysis of citizen preferences","volume":"22","author":"Wirtz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Organ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2020.102921","article-title":"Analysis of citizens\u2019 motivation and participation intention in urban planning","volume":"106","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2019.101412","article-title":"Does citizen coproduction lead to better urban services in smart cities projects? An empirical study on e-participation in a mobile big data platform","volume":"37","author":"Allen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gov. Inf. Q."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oh, J. (2020). Smart City as a Tool of Citizen-Oriented Urban Regeneration: Framework of Prelim-inary Evaluation and Its Application. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12176874"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2022.104071","article-title":"How smart is mobility in smart cities? An analysis of citizens\u2019 value perceptions through ICT applications","volume":"132","author":"Savastano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2023.101802","article-title":"Transplanting good practices in Smart City development: A step-wise approach","volume":"40","author":"Noori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gov. Inf. Q."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2017.08.003","article-title":"A Fine-Grained Distribution Approach for ETL Processes in Big Data Environments","volume":"111","author":"Bala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Data Knowl. Eng."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1017\/S026988891800036X","article-title":"Data preprocessing in predictive data mining","volume":"34","author":"Alexandropoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knowl. Eng. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"409","article-title":"Polarity, Emotions, and Online Activity of Students and Tutors as Features in Predicting Grades","volume":"14","author":"Gkontzis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Decis. Technol."}],"container-title":["Future Internet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/16\/2\/47\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:51:52Z","timestamp":1760104312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/16\/2\/47"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["fi16020047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi16020047","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-5903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-5903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]}}}