{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:22:02Z","timestamp":1760145722328,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-NVA-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-NVA-10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ransomware attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and defensive solutions must necessarily evolve. Unfortunately, automated backup management through validation\u2014critical for data recovery after an attack\u2014and strengthening file server protection are not sufficiently addressed in current protection strategies. To focus on this area, an architectural model has been developed that complements traditional central data storage with an additional high-level file server protection solution. However, in addition to the functional adequacy of file server protection solutions, the measurability of operational performance is also important. In order to validate and evaluate the developed ransomware-proof file server protection, a dynamic performance metric is introduced for comparability, by which the performance results measured on the tested client\u2013server architectures are presented, together with the methodology and results of the measurements. Our results show that the investigated model does not cause any performance degradation when moving sensitive data files and their backups during operation and even shows performance improvements in some frequently used configurations. The result proves that the developed real-time approach provides a solution to this critical problem in terms of the time required to restore key data from backups and to ensure file availability and continuity of accessibility. Based on a review of the literature and available solutions, it is concluded that there is no integrated solution for implementing a similar concept in practice, and therefore, the developed model is a gap-filling in this priority area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi16090306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T03:51:06Z","timestamp":1724730666000},"page":"306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of a New-Concept Secure File Server Solution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Ar\u00e1nyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, 8200 Veszpr\u00e9m, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5524-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Vathy-Fogarassy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Systems Technology, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, 8200 Veszpr\u00e9m, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-1405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika","family":"Sz\u00fccs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, 8200 Veszpr\u00e9m, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121118","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3328351","article-title":"A Review of State-of-the-Art Malware Attack Trends and Defense Mechanisms","volume":"11","author":"Ferdous","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holt, T.J., and Bossler, A.M. (2020). Malicious Software Threats. The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-78440-3"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vanness, R., Chowdhury, M.M., and Rifat, N. (2022, January 19\u201321). Malware: A Software for Cybercrime. Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (eIT), Mankato, MN, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/eIT53891.2022.9813970"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Microsoft (2023, February 28). Troubleshooting Slow File Copying in Windows. Available online: https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/troubleshoot\/windows-client\/performance\/troubleshooting-slow-file-copying-in-windows."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"FBI (2023, February 28). Ransomware, Available online: https:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/how-we-can-help-you\/safety-resources\/scams-and-safety\/common-scams-and-crimes\/ransomware."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Gabrielle, H., and Mikiann, M. (2024, August 22). Healthcare Ransomware Attacks: Understanding the Problem and How to Protect Your Organization. LogRhythm. Available online: https:\/\/logrhythm.com\/blog\/healthcare-ransomware-attacks\/."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2006.08.002","article-title":"A virtual disk environment for providing file system recovery","volume":"25","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comput. Secur."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Gaonkar, S., Keeton, K., Merchant, A., and Sanders, W. (2006, January 25\u201328). Designing dependable storage solutions for shared application environments. Proceedings of the International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN\u201906), Philadelphia, PA, USA."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2011.7","article-title":"Reducing Unauthorized Modification of Digital Objects","volume":"38","author":"Wurster","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2017.09.061","article-title":"AR-RRNS: Configurable reliable distributed data storage systems for Internet of Things to ensure security","volume":"92","author":"Chervyakov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Verma, R., Mendez, A., Park, S., Mannarswamy, S., Kelly, T., and Morrey, C.B. (2015, January 16\u201319). Failure-Atomic Updates of Application Data in a Linux File System. Proceedings of the 13th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST \u201915), Santa Clara, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newberry, E., and Zhang, B. (2019, January 24\u201326). On the Power of In-Network Caching in the Hadoop Distributed File System. Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking, New York, NY, USA. ICN \u201919.","DOI":"10.1145\/3357150.3357392"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makris, A., Kontopoulos, I., Psomakelis, E., Xyalis, S.N., Theodoropoulos, T., and Tserpes, K. (2022). Performance Analysis of Storage Systems in Edge Computing Infrastructures. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12178923"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"IBM (2023, February 28). IBM Security QRadar XDR. Available online: https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/qradar."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"(2023, February 28). Bitdefender GravityZone Business Security Premium. Available online: https:\/\/www.bitdefender.com\/business\/products\/gravityzone-premium-security.html."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2024, August 22). The Industry\u2019s Most Sophisticated Endpoint Security Solution. Available online: https:\/\/www.sophos.com\/en-us\/products\/endpoint-antivirus."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Trend Micro Incorporated (2023, February 28). Propel Security Operations Forward. Available online: https:\/\/www.trendmicro.com\/en_us\/business\/products\/security-operations.html."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sz\u00fccs, V., Ar\u00e1nyi, G., and D\u00e1vid, \u00c1. (2021). Introduction of the ARDS\u2014Anti-Ransomware Defense System Model\u2014Based on the Systematic Review of Worldwide Ransomware Attacks. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app11136070"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"KnowBe4 (2023, February 28). What Is Phishing?. Available online: https:\/\/www.phishing.org\/."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Vaas, L. (2023, February 28). Widespread, Easily Exploitable Windows RDP Bug Opens Users to Data Theft. Available online: https:\/\/threatpost.com\/windows-bug-rdp-exploit-unprivileged-users\/177599\/."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"GeekPage (2023, February 28). Fix Slow File Copy Speed in Windows 10\/11. Available online: https:\/\/thegeekpage.com\/fix-slow-file-copy-speed-in-windows-10\/."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"AOMEI (2023, February 28). Windows 10 File Copy\/Transfer Very Slow. Available online: https:\/\/www.ubackup.com\/windows-10\/windows-10-file-copy-slow-1021.html."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Natalie, P. (2023, February 28). Remote Desktop Protocol Use in Ransomware Attacks. Available online: https:\/\/rhisac.org\/ransomware\/remote-desktop-protocol-use-in-ransomware-attacks\/."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Synology (2023, February 28). What Can I Do When the File Transfer via Windows (SMB\/CIFS) Is Slow?. Available online: https:\/\/kb.synology.com\/hu-hu\/DSM\/tutorial\/What_can_I_do_when_the_file_transfer_via_Windows_SMB_CIFS_is_slow."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye, X., Zhai, Z., and Li, X. (2020). ZDC: A Zone Data Compression Method for Solid State Drive Based Flash Memory. Symmetry, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12040623"}],"container-title":["Future Internet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/16\/9\/306\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:43:06Z","timestamp":1760110986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/16\/9\/306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["fi16090306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi16090306","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-5903"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1999-5903"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]}}}