{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:30:29Z","timestamp":1787243429074,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The secret key is stored in an ideal tamper-proof device so that a vehicle can implement a secure authentication with the road-side units (RSUs) and other drivers. However, some adversaries can capture the secret key by physical attacks. To resist physical attacks, we propose a physical-preserving authentication based on a physical unclonable function for vehicular ad hoc networks. In the proposed scheme, a physical unclonable function is deployed on the vehicle and the RSU to provide a challenge\u2013response mechanism. A secret key is only generated by the challenge\u2013response mechanism when it is needed, which eliminates the need to store a long-term secret key. As a result, this prevents secret keys from being captured by adversaries, improving system security. In addition, route planning is introduced into the proposed scheme so that a vehicle can obtain the authentication key of RSUs on its route before vehicle-to-infrastructure authentication, which greatly speeds up the authentication when the vehicle enters the RSUs\u2019 coverage. Furthermore, a detailed analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme achieves security objectives in vehicular ad hoc networks. Ultimately, when contrasted with similar schemes, the performance assessment demonstrates that our proposed scheme surpasses others in terms of computational overhead, communication overhead and packet loss rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi16090326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T04:15:01Z","timestamp":1725855301000},"page":"326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Privacy-Preserving Authentication Based on PUF for VANETs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3039-1624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Intelligent Connected Vehicle, Guangxi Vocational Normal University, Nanning 530007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanwen","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyi","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9484-6677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng-Lung","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Creative Technologies and Product Design, National Taipei University of Business, Taoyuan City 324022, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, C., Lu, R., Lin, X., Ho, P.H., and Shen, X. 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