{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T17:04:23Z","timestamp":1775667863820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Woosong University Academic Research Fund 2025"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research proposes a ground-breaking technique for protecting agricultural fields against animal invasion, addressing a key challenge in the agriculture industry. The suggested system guarantees real-time intrusion detection and quick reactions by combining cutting-edge sensor technologies, image processing capabilities, and the Internet of Things (IoT), successfully safeguarding crops and reducing agricultural losses. This study involves a thorough examination of five models\u2014Inception, Xception, VGG16, AlexNet, and YoloV8\u2014against three different datasets. The YoloV8 model emerged as the most promising, with exceptional accuracy and precision, exceeding 99% in both categories. Following that, the YoloV8 model\u2019s performance was compared to previous study findings, confirming its excellent capabilities in terms of intrusion detection in agricultural settings. Using the capabilities of the YoloV8 model, an IoT device was designed to provide real-time intrusion alarms on farms. The ESP32cam module was used to build this gadget, which smoothly integrated this cutting-edge model to enable efficient farm security measures. The incorporation of this technology has the potential to transform farm monitoring by providing farmers with timely, actionable knowledge to prevent possible threats and protect agricultural production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi17020070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T08:53:41Z","timestamp":1738832021000},"page":"70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Real-Time Farm Surveillance Using IoT and YOLOv8 for Animal Intrusion Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4646-763X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tahesin Samira","family":"Delwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Smart Robot Convergence and Application Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sayak","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India"}]},{"given":"Akshay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0971-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mangal","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5251-6100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Jee-Youl","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0934-0995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. S. M. Sanwar","family":"Hosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anoop, N.R., Krishnan, S., and Ganesh, T. (2023). Elephants in the farm\u2013changing temporal and seasonal patterns of human-elephant interactions in a forest-agriculture matrix in the Western Ghats, India. Front. Conserv. Sci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcosc.2023.1142325"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sinclair, M., Fryer, C., and Phillips, C.J.C. (2019). The Benefits of Improving Animal Welfare from the Perspective of Livestock Stakeholders across Asia. Animals, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9040123"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhanaraju, M., Chenniappan, P., Ramalingam, K., Pazhanivelan, S., and Kaliaperumal, R. 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Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng."}],"container-title":["Future Internet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/17\/2\/70\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:28:06Z","timestamp":1760027286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/17\/2\/70"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["fi17020070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi17020070","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-5903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-5903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]}}}