{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:18:37Z","timestamp":1790824717056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to expand across clinical environments, healthcare is transitioning from static decision-support tools to dynamic, autonomous agents capable of reasoning, coordination, and continuous interaction. In the context of geriatric medicine, a field characterized by multimorbidity, cognitive decline, and the need for long-term personalized care, this evolution opens new frontiers for delivering adaptive, assistive, and trustworthy digital support. However, the autonomy and interconnectivity of these systems introduce heightened cybersecurity and ethical challenges. This paper presents a Secure Agentic AI Architecture (SAAA) tailored to the unique demands of geriatric healthcare. The architecture is designed around seven layers, grouped into five functional domains (cognitive, coordination, security, oversight, governance) to ensure modularity, interoperability, explainability, and robust protection of sensitive health data. A review of current AI agent implementations highlights limitations in security, transparency, and regulatory alignment, especially in multi-agent clinical settings. The proposed framework is illustrated through a practical use case involving home-based care for elderly patients with chronic conditions, where AI agents manage medication adherence, monitor vital signs, and support clinician communication. The architecture\u2019s flexibility is further demonstrated through its application in perioperative care coordination, underscoring its potential across diverse clinical domains. By embedding trust, accountability, and security into the design of agentic systems, this approach aims to advance the safe and ethical integration of AI into aging-focused healthcare environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi18020075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T10:03:29Z","timestamp":1770113009000},"page":"75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Towards Trustworthy AI Agents in Geriatric Medicine: A Secure and Assistive Architectural Blueprint"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1279-2001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena-Anca","family":"Paraschiv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics\u2014ICI Bucharest, 011455 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications & Information Technology, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0745-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian Victor","family":"Vevera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics\u2014ICI Bucharest, 011455 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0048-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Elena","family":"C\u00eernu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics\u2014ICI Bucharest, 011455 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1800-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia","family":"B\u0103jenaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics\u2014ICI Bucharest, 011455 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3029-0008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreea","family":"Dinu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics\u2014ICI Bucharest, 011455 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4762-9581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Ioan","family":"Prada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics \u201cAna Aslan\u201d, 11241 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00376-2","article-title":"Deep Learning-Enabled Medical Computer Vision","volume":"4","author":"Esteva","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.7861\/futurehosp.6-2-94","article-title":"The Potential for Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","volume":"6","author":"Davenport","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Healthc. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-021-01085-4","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Medicine, Current Applications and Future Role with Special Emphasis on Its Potential and Promise in Pathology: Present and Future Impact, Obstacles Including Costs and Acceptance among Pathologists, Practical and Philosoph","volume":"16","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagn. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2024-0274","article-title":"Protecting the Elderly from Influenza in the Context of Immune System Senescence. Elderly Aged 65 and over Are Vulnerable to Influenza and Its Associated Complications","volume":"17","author":"Prada","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Life"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chelu, G.C., B\u0103jenaru, O.L., Nu\u021b\u0103, C.R., B\u0103jenaru, L., and Prada, G.I. (2025). Frailty Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases in Older People. Healthcare, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13243275"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-021-00479-3","article-title":"Polypharmacy in Older Adults: A Narrative Review of Definitions, Epidemiology and Consequences","volume":"12","author":"Pazan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01961-5","article-title":"Association of Preoperative Frailty with Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Orthopedic Trauma Patients","volume":"34","author":"Esmaeeli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u0103jenaru, O.L., B\u0103jenaru, L., Ianculescu, M., Constantin, V.-\u0218., Gu\u0219atu, A.-M., and Nu\u021b\u0103, C.R. (2024). Geriatric Healthcare Supported by Decision-Making Tools Integrated into Digital Health Solutions. Electronics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13173440"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47346","DOI":"10.2196\/47346","article-title":"Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Identification and Diagnosis of Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults: Scoping Review","volume":"25","author":"Arco","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanhl.2025.100725","article-title":"Digital Biomarkers of Ageing for Monitoring Physiological Systems in Community-Dwelling Adults","volume":"6","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2021.101298","article-title":"An Automatic Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Classifier Based on Spontaneous Spoken English","volume":"72","author":"Bertini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Speech Lang."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3469089","article-title":"Automatic Speech Classifier for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Dementia","volume":"3","author":"Bertini","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput. Healthc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2018.2791463","article-title":"Predicting Frailty Condition in Elderly Using Multidimensional Socioclinical Databases","volume":"106","author":"Bertini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.70046","article-title":"Frailty, Multimorbidity, and Polypharmacy: Proposal of the New Concept of the Geriatric Triangle","volume":"25","author":"Umegaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geriatr. Gerontol. Int."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"28729","article-title":"Transforming Healthcare Decision Making Using Artificial Intelligence","volume":"39","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. AAAI Conf. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-016-0707-2","article-title":"The \u201cSarcopenia and Physical FRailty IN Older People: Multi-ComponenT Treatment Strategies\u201d (SPRINTT) Project: Advancing the Care of Physically Frail and Sarcopenic Older People","volume":"29","author":"Bernabei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"31","article-title":"Insights into Geriatric Care and Healthy Ageing","volume":"22","author":"Bissar","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Fam. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"326","article-title":"Redefining Elderly Care with Agentic AI: Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"7","author":"Khalil","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18912","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3532853","article-title":"Agentic AI: Autonomous Intelligence for Complex Goals\u2014A Comprehensive Survey","volume":"13","author":"Acharya","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferri-Molla, I., Linares-Pellicer, J., Aliaga-Torro, C., and Izquierdo-Domenech, J. (2025, January 23\u201325). Multi-Agent AI System for Adaptive Cognitive Training in Elderly Care. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, Porto, Portugal.","DOI":"10.5220\/0013397000003890"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-015-0376-2","article-title":"A Systematic Literature Review of Agents Applied in Healthcare","volume":"40","author":"Isern","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2008.27","article-title":"GerAmi: Improving Healthcare Delivery in Geriatric Residences","volume":"23","author":"Corchado","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"299","article-title":"Multi-Agent System (GerMAS) Used to Identify Medicines in Geriatric Residences","volume":"Volume 89","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Practical Applications of Agents and Multiagent Systems"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruiz Mejia, J.M., and Rawat, D.B. (2025). MedScrubCrew: A Medical Multi-Agent Framework for Automating Appointment Scheduling Based on Patient-Provider Profile Resource Matching. Healthcare, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13141649"},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Ahram, T., and Karwowski, W. (2024). Optimizing AI System Security: An Ecosystem Recommendation to Socio-Technical Risk Management. Human Factors in Design, Engineering, and Computing, AHFE International."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-018-9482-5","article-title":"AI4People\u2014An Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society: Opportunities, Risks, Principles, and Recommendations","volume":"28","author":"Floridi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Minds Mach."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoh.2025.03.001","article-title":"Next-Generation Agentic AI for Transforming Healthcare","volume":"2","author":"Karunanayake","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inform. Health"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"188","article-title":"Multiagent AI Systems in Health Care: Envisioning Next-Generation Intelligence","volume":"42","author":"Borkowski","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fed. Pract."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taulli, T., and Deshmukh, G. (2025). Introduction to AI Agents. Building Generative AI Agents, Apress.","DOI":"10.1007\/979-8-8688-1134-0"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Vaswani, A., Brain, G., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A.N., Kaiser, \u0141., and Polosukhin, I. (2017, January 4\u20139). Attention Is All You Need (Transformer Architecture). Proceedings of the 31st Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2017), Long Beach, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Wooldridge, M. (2009). An Introduction to MultiAgent Systems, Wiley. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.05.071","article-title":"Multi-Agent System Applications in Healthcare: Current Technology and Future Roadmap","volume":"52","author":"Shakshuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papernot, N., McDaniel, P., Sinha, A., and Wellman, M.P. (2018, January 24\u201326). SoK: Security and Privacy in Machine Learning. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P), London, UK.","DOI":"10.1109\/EuroSP.2018.00035"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"214","article-title":"Taxonomy of Risks Posed by Language Models","volume":"22","author":"Weidinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACM Int. Conf. Proceeding Ser."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, K., and Hughes, C. (2025). Securing AI Agents: Foundations, Frameworks, and Real-World Deployment, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-02130-4"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1741118","article-title":"Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy","volume":"36","author":"Shneiderman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03423-7","article-title":"Toward Expert-Level Medical Question Answering with Large Language Models","volume":"31","author":"Singhal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferrag, M.A., Tihanyi, N., Hamouda, D., Maglaras, L., and Debbah, M. (2025). From Prompt Injections to Protocol Exploits: Threats in LLM-Powered AI Agents Workflows. ICT Express, in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2025.12.001"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148796","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3469215","article-title":"Security and Privacy in E-Health Systems: A Review of AI and Machine Learning Techniques","volume":"12","author":"Nankya","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bertl, M., Lamo, Y., Leucker, M., Margaria, T., Mohammadi, E., Mukhiya, S.K., Pechmann, L., Piho, G., and Rabbi, F. (2025). Challenges for AI in Healthcare Systems. Bridging the Gap Between AI and Reality, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-73741-1_11"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_543_23","article-title":"Data Privacy in Healthcare: In the Era of Artificial Intelligence","volume":"14","author":"Yadav","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.32628\/IJSRSET251265","article-title":"Agentic AI for Clinical Decision Support: Real-Time Diagnosis, Triage, and Treatment Planning","volume":"12","author":"Thamma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2021.102083","article-title":"Multi-Domain Clinical Natural Language Processing with MedCAT: The Medical Concept Annotation Toolkit","volume":"117","author":"Kraljevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.32628\/CSEIT25112396","article-title":"Agentic Workflows in Healthcare: Advancing Clinical Efficiency through AI Integration","volume":"11","author":"Joy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Res. Comput. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20346","DOI":"10.2196\/20346","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review","volume":"22","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny046","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Social Robots for Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies","volume":"59","author":"Pu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocy072","article-title":"Conversational Agents in Healthcare: A Systematic Review","volume":"25","author":"Laranjo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corchado, J.M., Bajo, J., Kozlak, J., Pawlewski, P., Molina, J.M., Julian, V., Azambuja Silveira, R., Unland, E., and Giroux, S. (2013). Agent Technology and Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring Patients in Residences and Their Homes. Highlights on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (PAAMS 2013), Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38061-7"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46014","DOI":"10.2196\/46014","article-title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Geriatric Care: Bibliometric Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocad038","article-title":"Understanding the Perceived Role of Electronic Health Records and Workflow Fragmentation on Clinician Documentation Burden in Emergency Departments","volume":"30","author":"Moy","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231220569","article-title":"Fragmentation of Care After Geriatric Trauma: A Nationwide Analysis of Outcomes and Predictors","volume":"90","author":"Gogna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. Surg."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18594","article-title":"Automating Risk Stratification for Geriatric Syndromes in the Emergency Department","volume":"72","author":"Haimovich","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/01621424.2022.2164541","article-title":"Challenges of Interprofessional Geriatric Practice in Home Care Settings: An Integrative Review","volume":"42","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Home Health Care Serv. Q."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.36548\/jscp.2025.1.001","article-title":"Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Geriatric Clinical Care for Chronic Diseases: Integrating Time-Series Analysis, Wearable Health Devices, CDSS, Medical Image Analysis, and Voice-Based Diagnostics","volume":"7","author":"Vasamsetty","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Soft Comput. Paradig."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2023.05.004","article-title":"Aging Is Not an Illness: Exploring Geriatricians\u2019 Resistance to Serious Illness Conversations","volume":"66","author":"Drutchas","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manag."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2024.10.078","article-title":"Exploring Geriatric Nurses\u2019 Perspectives on the Adoption of AI in Elderly Care a Qualitative Study","volume":"61","author":"Badawy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2025.117310","article-title":"A New Method for Long-Term Temperature Compensation of Structural Health Monitoring by Ultrasonic Guided Wave","volume":"252","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Measurement"}],"container-title":["Future Internet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/18\/2\/75\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T10:13:41Z","timestamp":1770113621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-5903\/18\/2\/75"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["fi18020075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/fi18020075","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-5903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-5903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]}}}