{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T10:08:26Z","timestamp":1777543706788,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study assesses differences within the African American population with respect to internet activity. Using survey data, we find wide variations within the population. While some segments of African Americans are indeed less likely to perform certain activities on the internet, we note that certain segments of the African American population are reporting more internet activity than other racial groups. These \u2018haves\u2019 score high not just in comparison to their African American peers, but to the US American population as a whole. We suggest a move away from the digital divide\/digital inequality models and a move towards thinking of greater or lesser Information and Communication Technology (ICT) usage as conditioned by the instrumental needs of population groups. We term this a digital practice model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi3030185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T11:35:21Z","timestamp":1311161721000},"page":"185-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Internet as Digital Practice: Examining Differences in African American Internet Usage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Roderick","family":"Graham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mount Pleasant Avenue, Providence, RI 02908, USA"}]},{"given":"Danielle Taana","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Rochester Institute of Technology, 18 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0033-0124.2005.00486.x","article-title":"Measuring the digital divide in the United States: Race, income, and personal computers","volume":"57","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prof. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Lenhart, A., Horrigan, J., Rainie, L., Allen, K., Boyce, A., Madden, M., and O'Grady, E. 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