{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T21:59:36Z","timestamp":1761947976398,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Internet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Today, increasing number of industrial application cases rely on the Machine to Machine (M2M) services exposed from physical devices. Such M2M services enable interaction of physical world with the core processes of company information systems. However, there are grand challenges related to complexity and \u201cvertical silos\u201d limiting the M2M market scale and interoperability. It is here expected that horizontal approach for the system architecture is required for solving these challenges. Therefore, a set of architectural principles and key enablers for the horizontal architecture have been specified in this work. A selected set of key enablers called as autonomic M2M manager, M2M service capabilities, M2M messaging system, M2M gateways towards energy constrained M2M asset devices and creation of trust to enable end-to-end security for M2M applications have been developed. The developed key enablers have been evaluated separately in different scenarios dealing with smart metering, car sharing and electric bike experiments. The evaluation results shows that the provided architectural principles, and developed key enablers establish a solid ground for future research and seem to enable communication between objects and applications, which are not initially been designed to communicate together. The aim as the next step in this research is to create a combined experimental system to evaluate the system interoperability and performance in a more detailed manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/fi6020261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T11:18:15Z","timestamp":1399375095000},"page":"261-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Towards Horizontal Architecture for Autonomic M2M  Service Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Juhani","family":"Latvakoski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitov\u00e4yl\u00e4 1, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Alaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAAS-CNRS, 7 Av, C. Roche, 31077 Cedex 04, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herve","family":"Ganem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gemalto, 6 rue de la Verrerie, Meudon 92197, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bashar","family":"Jubeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bull SAS, 207 Cours du Medoc, Bordeaux 33000, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Iivari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitov\u00e4yl\u00e4 1, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremie","family":"Leguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thales Communications & Security S.A., 160 Boulevard de Valmy, BP 82. 92704, Colomber, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaume","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atos Origin, Diagonal 200, 08018, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niclas","family":"Granqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polar Elektro Oy, Professorintie 5, Kempele, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2012.02.016","article-title":"Internet of things: Vision, applications and research challenges","volume":"10","author":"Miorandi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2011.5741144","article-title":"M2M: From mobile to embedded Internet","volume":"49","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. 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