{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T02:30:05Z","timestamp":1783650605995,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41901410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund Program of Key Laboratory of Digital Mapping and Land Information Application Engineering, NASG","award":["ZRZYBWD201905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRZYBWD201905"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund Program of Key Laboratory of Digital Mapping and Land Information Application Engineering, NASG","award":["GCWD201801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GCWD201801"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ19D010005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ19D010005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007834","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018A610121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A610121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Anhui Innovation Support Project for Overseas Returnee","award":["2017-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Structurally describing the portrayal-related information by using a standalone Digital Cartographic Model on top of a Digital Landscape Model has been proved applicable and beneficial for 2D mapping but has not yet been applied to 3D cadastre. This study, therefore, evaluates the applicability of digital cartographic model and the corresponding visualization pipeline for 3D cadastre in the context of Chinese urban cadastre. This research starts by identifying the requirements and design features of 3D cadastre mapping through a literature review and interviews with users and cartographers. Addressing the limitations of the existing general-purpose models, this paper proposes an ad hoc 3D cadastre digital cartographic model. The main developments of the proposed model are the inclusion of 3D content modeling, the support of the compound 3D symbols, and the introduction of the semantic transformation. The proposed model is then embedded into three parts of the cadastre visualization pipeline: the symbolic rule design, graphic content creation, and scene dissemination. The empirical result of qualitative proof-of-concept user tests supports that the proposed visualization pipeline is applicable and yields promising visualization results. The digital cartographic model-based visualization pipeline is a novel 3D cadastre mapping paradigm that facilitates designing, producing, sharing, and administrating.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10030158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T11:56:55Z","timestamp":1615550215000},"page":"158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Design, Development and Applicability Evaluation of a Digital Cartographic Model for 3D Cadastre Mapping in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9371-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Mapping and Land Information Application Engineering, National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Wuhan 430072, China"},{"name":"Anhui Geographic Information Intelligence Technology and Engineering Center, Hefei 230001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-bin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Mapping and Land Information Application Engineering, National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Wuhan 430072, China"},{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pouliot, J., Ellul, C., Hubert, F., Wang, C., Rajabifrad, A., Kalantari, M., Shojaei, A., De Vries, M., and Ying, S. 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