{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:55:32Z","timestamp":1760234132596,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prevention quality indicators (PQIs) constitute a set of measures that can be combined with hospital inpatient data to identify the quality of care for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC). Geographical information system (GIS) web mapping and applications contribute to a better representation of PQI spatial distribution. Unlike many countries in the world, in Portugal, this type of application remains underdeveloped. The main objective of this work was to facilitate the assessment of geographical patterns and trends of health data in Portugal. Therefore, two innovative open source applications were developed. Leaflet Javascript Library, PostGIS, and GeoServer were used to create a web map application prototype. Python language was used to develop the GIS application. The geospatial assessment of geographical patterns of health data in Portugal can be obtained through a GIS application and a web map application. Both tools proposed allowed for an easy and intuitive assessment of geographical patterns and time trends of PQI values in Portugal, alongside other relevant health data, i.e., the location of health care facilities, which, in turn, showed some association between the location of facilities and quality of health care. However, in the future, more research is still required to map other relevant data, for more in-depth analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10040264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T15:30:39Z","timestamp":1618414239000},"page":"264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An Open Source GIS Application for Spatial Assessment of Health Care Quality Indicators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7537-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8043-6431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Teodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-7735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2057-6109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1236-4798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Public Health Unit, Local Health Unit of Baixo Alentejo, 7801-849 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2113-9653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto,  4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12441","DOI":"10.1111\/gec3.12441","article-title":"Reviewing qualitative GIS research\u2014Toward a wider usage of open-source GIS and reproducible research practices","volume":"13","author":"Muenchow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geogr. 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